Optimizing distribution and number of test locations in perimetry

Sugimoto, Keiko; Schötzau, Andreas; Bergamin, Oliver; Zulauf, Mario

doi:10.1007/s004170050049

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…These findings are consistent with a previous study, 24 as were the findings of good performance with comparatively few test locations. [24][25][26][27] The use of optimized test locations based on the PPV of each test location and an experimental design that accounted for interpoint correlations (removing cases detected with prior distribution) was found to be superior to the use of random distributions of less than approximately 35 stimuli. Once above this number there was little difference between the two designs, a finding consistent with that of Henson et al 24 using optimized versus an even distribution of stimuli.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Performance of Visual Field Test Using Subsets of the 24-2 Test Pattern for Early Glaucomatous Field Loss

Wang¹,

Henson²

2013

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Performance of Visual Field Test Using Subsets of the 24-2 Test Pattern for Early Glaucomatous Field Loss

Wang¹,

Henson²

2013

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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“…test point arrangements have been established according to the areas most frequently affected in glaucomatous VF loss: test point condensation towards the centre with involvement of the macula (Gloor & Gloor 1986;Weber & Kosel 1986), test location distribution in the periphery between 20°a nd 30°of eccentricity (Zeyen et al 1993;Sugimoto et al 1997) and sufficient test locations in the nasal, superior paracentral (Bjerrum) and blind spot areas (Rabin et al 1981;Gonza´lez de la Rosa et al 1990;Zeyen et al 1993).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Age‐dependent normative values for differential luminance sensitivity in automated static perimetry using the Octopus 101

Hermann

Paetzold

Vonthein

et al. 2008

Acta Ophthalmologica

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ABSTRACT.Purpose: To determine age-dependent normative differential threshold values for the Octopus 101 instrument and to create a smooth mathematical model characterizing the age-dependency and asymmetry of the hill of vision. Methods: Static automated perimetry within the central 30°visual field (VF) was conducted with the Octopus 101 (background luminance 10 cd ⁄ m 2 ) in 81 eyes of 81 ophthalmologically healthy subjects (11-12 per decade of age) aged 10-79 years. A 4-2-2 staircase strategy with three reversals was run. The test point grid consisted of 68 concentrically arranged points with test point condensation towards the VF centre, representing the approximately rotation-symmetrical 30°hill of vision. Thresholds of differential luminance sensitivity (DLS) were estimated by the maximum likelihood method. A smooth mathematical model was fitted to the normative data. Results: The model fit was satisfactory (r 2 = 0.74). Covariables were: age, eccentricity, angle and subject. Total random standard deviation (SD) was 1.75 dB. The residual SD exceeded 1.75 dB in the border region, was 1.5 dB within the centre and fell below 1.25 dB in a ring around the centre. Average thresholds of DLS varied with age quadratically. It is close to constant for the 10-40-year-old age group and declines ever more steeply thereafter. The effect of age on DLS in the VF increased with eccentricity. The greatest drop was located in the peripheral superior hemifield: at 25°eccentricity the superior DLS was estimated to be 5.5 dB higher in 10-year-olds than in 75-year-olds. Conclusions: This new smooth model allows for the prediction of age-related normal threshold values for any stimulus location within the 30°VF and thus for the calculation of global and local measures of defect such as mean defects or p-values for any type of stimulus.

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“…There is evidence to suggest that high sensitivity in glaucoma detection can be achieved with relatively few perimetric stimuli . Whilst the informational value of stimulus locations in susceptible areas of the visual field may be high, the correlation between adjacent test locations limits the value of adding multiple stimuli in these areas The choice of stimulus location for this first iteration of the A4FTp was based on the study by Wang and Henson, who used optimised sub‐sets of the standard 24‐2 test pattern based on the PPV of each test location that broadly corresponded to the typical patterns of glaucomatous visual field loss that reflect the course of retinal nerve fibres .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is evidence to suggest that high sensitivity in glaucoma detection can be achieved with relatively few perimetric stimuli. [16][17][18][19] Whilst the informational value of stimulus locations in susceptible areas of the visual field may be high, the correlation between adjacent test locations limits the value of adding multiple stimuli in these areas The choice of stimulus location for this first iteration of the A4FTp was based on the study by Wang and Henson, 14 who used optimised sub-sets of the standard 24-2 test pattern based on the PPV of each test location that broadly corresponded to the typical patterns of glaucomatous visual field loss that reflect the course of retinal nerve fibres. 20,21 Two large circular stimuli (11°diameter) were located in the temporal superior and inferior arcuate regions 9-21°f rom fixation, with the other two stimuli spanning the horizontal meridian (14-26°from fixation) at the endpoints of the nasal arcuate sweep of the nerve fibre layer, the visual field location subject to the well-known 'nasal step' (Figure 1).…”

Section: Stimulus Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and validation of a new glaucoma screening test using temporally modulated flicker

Fidalgo

Jindal

Tyler

et al. 2018

Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic

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Purpose: Describing the psychometric characteristics and diagnostic accuracy of the Accelerator 4-Alternative Forced-Choice Flicker Test prototype (A4FTp) for detecting chronic open angle glaucoma (COAG). Methods: A4FTp measures temporally-modulated flicker thresholds in regions of the visual field with high susceptibility to glaucomatous loss. We initially evaluated its psychometric properties on 20 normals (aged 33.8 AE 8.5 years) who were tested multiple times over a period of 3 months. All subjects underwent four repetitions for shorter (T8) and longer (T12) staircase termination criteria, to determine the most suitable threshold criterion. Four randomly selected subjects underwent a total of 10 repetitions to study test-retest repeatability and learning effects. To determine its diagnostic accuracy, one eye of 40 participants with COAG and 38 normal controls were tested with the A4FTp in comparison with the Frequency Doubling Technology (FDT; C20-5 programme) and iVue Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT). Tests were conducted in a random order with results masked to the clinician conducting the reference ophthalmic examination. The accuracy of each test was determined by analysis of the area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUROC). Results: A4FTp flicker thresholds were stable, with standard deviations of only 0.52 decilog (dL) for T8, increasing to 1.32 dL for T12, and no significant flicker sensitivity threshold improvement over the 10 repeat runs. T8 was superior to T12 on several other measures, so it was used for the remaining comparisons. In terms of diagnostic accuracy, the mean AUROC for the three tests were A4FTp [T8 criterion; 0.82, 95% confidence interval (0.73-0.92)]; SD-OCT [any RNFL parameter p < 1% level; 0.90 (0.83-0.97)]; and FDT [one or more locations missed at p < 5% level; 0.91 (0.82-0.96)]. There was no statistical difference in AUROC between A4FTp and SD-OCT (p = 0.18) or FDT (p = 0.12). The A4FTp test duration averaged just over 2 min per eye, taking approximately one-third of the time for completion of the HFA SITA 24-2 algorithm (conducted as part of the reference examination) and twice the time for the suprathreshold FDT. Conclusion: Test accuracy for the A4FTp was comparable to those of the FDT and SD-OCT for the detection of COAG. Time taken to complete the A4FTp was relatively short and initial results are promising. With further refinement, the A4FTp could have a future role in glaucoma detection.

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Optimizing distribution and number of test locations in perimetry

Cited by 4 publications

References 21 publications

Diagnostic Performance of Visual Field Test Using Subsets of the 24-2 Test Pattern for Early Glaucomatous Field Loss

Diagnostic Performance of Visual Field Test Using Subsets of the 24-2 Test Pattern for Early Glaucomatous Field Loss

Age‐dependent normative values for differential luminance sensitivity in automated static perimetry using the Octopus 101

Development and validation of a new glaucoma screening test using temporally modulated flicker

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