Optimizing maternal and neonatal outcomes with postpartum contraception: impact on breastfeeding and birth spacing

Sridhar, Aparna; Salcedo, Jennifer

doi:10.1186/s40748-016-0040-y

Cited by 66 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…This phenomenon abounds in most parts of SSA countries. The reason for the inability to have maximum ANC contacts has over the years been linked to financial constraints, poor access to health facility, lack of decision-making power as regard to reproductive health matters, proximity to health facility, and so forth [ 12 , 26 – 28 ]. These factors that are linked to low frequency of ANC contacts should be of great concern to policy makers and funding agencies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Women’s enlightenment and early antenatal care initiation are determining factors for the use of eight or more antenatal visits in Benin: further analysis of the Demographic and Health Survey

Ekholuenetale

Nzoputam

Barrow

et al. 2020

J. Egypt. Public. Health. Assoc.

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Background: Within the continuum of reproductive health care, antenatal care (ANC) provides a platform for vital health care functions, such as disease prevention, health promotion, screening, and diagnosis. It has been widely confirmed that by implementing appropriate evidence-based practices, ANC can save lives. Previous studies investigated the utilization of ANC based on the four visits model. The new guidelines set by the World Health Organization 2016 recommended increasing contacts with health providers from four to eight contacts. The present study aims to determine the frequency, determinants, and socioeconomic inequalities of ANC utilization based on the eight or more contacts in Benin. This will provide information for policy makers to improve ANC utilization. Methods: We used a population-based cross-sectional data from Benin Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS)-2017-2018. The outcome variable considered for this study was coverage of ≥ 8 ANC contacts. About 1094 women of reproductive age who became pregnant after the new guideline of ≥ 8 ANC contacts was endorsed were included in this study. The determinants for ≥ 8 ANC contacts were measured using multivariable logistic regression. Concentration (Conc.) Index and Lorenz curves were used to estimate the socioeconomic inequalities of ≥ 8 ANC contacts. The level of significance was set at P < 0.05. Results: The coverage of ≥ 8 ANC contacts was 8.0%; 95%CI 6.5%, 9.7%. The results of timing of antenatal care initiation showed that women who had late booking (after 1st trimester) had 97% reduction in ≥ 8 ANC contacts compared with women who initiated ANC contacts within the first trimester (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.03; 95% CI 0.00, 0.21). In addition, women with medium or high enlightenment were 4.55 and 5.49 as more likely to have ≥ 8 ANC contacts, compared with women having low enlightenment (AOR = 4.55; 95% CI 1.41, 14.69 and AOR = 5.49; 95% CI 1.77, 17.00, respectively). Conc. Index for the household wealth-related factor was 0.33; p < 0.001 for urban women and 0.37; p < 0.001 for the total sample. Similarly, Conc. Index for maternal education was 0.18; p = 0.006 for urban women and 0.21; p < 0.001 for the total sample.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Women’s enlightenment and early antenatal care initiation are determining factors for the use of eight or more antenatal visits in Benin: further analysis of the Demographic and Health Survey

Ekholuenetale

Nzoputam

Barrow

et al. 2020

J. Egypt. Public. Health. Assoc.

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“…These findings suggest that reducing related obstacles to facilitate access to contraception for postpartum women is reasonable. Given the paucity of high-quality evidence on the impact of hormonal contraception on breastfeeding outcomes and the strong evidence for improved health outcomes with the achievement of recommended birth spacing intervals, the real risk of unintended pregnancy and its consequences must not be neglected for fear of potential neonatal risks 30. Practical systematic support should be in place to ensure that women who desire long-acting reversible contraception or any other form of contraception can receive it during the comprehensive postpartum visit 31…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resumption of sexual intercourse post partum and the utilisation of contraceptive methods in China: a cross-sectional study

Zhuang

Li²,

Li³

2019

BMJ Open

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ObjectiveThis is a cross-sectional study that aimed to examine the resumption of sexual intercourse post partum, the utilisation of contraceptive methods and the influencing factors among Chinese women at a tertiary teaching hospital.DesignThis is a questionnaire survey by written and online interview for participants.ParticipantsBased on medical records, we sent online questionnaires about postpartum sexual intercourse and contraception plans to 550 eligible women.Main outcome measuresPotential factors affecting postpartum sexual intercourse and utilisation of contraception were determined by analysis of epidemiological and clinical factors and sexual experiences during and after pregnancy.ResultsOf 550 eligible participants, 406 women (73.8%) with a postpartum period of 8.5 months (range 6–10) completed the questionnaires; 146 of 406 (36.0%) resumed sexual intercourse within 3 months, and 259 of 279 (92.8%) used contraceptive methods. In univariate and multivariate analyses, sexual intercourse during pregnancy (adjusted OR 4.4, 95% CI 2.8 to 6.9) and resumption of menstruation (adjusted OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.5 to 4.3) were significant influencing factors in resumption of sexual intercourse within 3 months after childbirth. No factor was found to be associated with using contraceptive methods or the general resumption of sexual intercourse post partum. The questionnaire had good reliability and validity.ConclusionsHaving sexual intercourse during pregnancy and resuming menstruation earlier were independent factors for resumption of sexual intercourse within 3 months after delivery. Almost all women who had postpartum sexual intercourse used various contraceptive methods.

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“…24 25 In LMICs, short interpregnancy intervals and other factors appear to play an important role in an increased risk of adverse outcomes among adolescent mothers with repeat pregnancies and their babies. [26][27][28] The concept of an ideal interpregnancy interval emerged from a report published by WHO in 2005 and, based on the best available evidence at that time, consensus was reached that an optimal interval was a minimum of 24 months, 29 consistent with the joint WHO and Unicef recommendation for women to breast feed for at least 2 years. 30 Immediately following childbirth, the inhibitory effect of oestrogen and progesterone levels of pregnancy decreases, with the resumption of regular ovulation at around 25 days after birth.…”

Section: Bmj Global Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactational amenorrhoea among adolescent girls in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic scoping review

Figaroa

Bellizzi²,

Delvaux

et al. 2020

BMJ Glob Health

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IntroductionFertility levels among adolescents remain high in many settings. The objective of this paper was to review the available literature about postpartum and lactational amenorrhoea among adolescents in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs).MethodsWe searched Medline, Embase, Global Health and CINAHL Plus databases using terms capturing adolescence and lactational or postpartum amenorrhoea. Inclusion criteria included publication date since 1990, data from LMICs, and topic related to lactational amenorrhoea as a postpartum family planning method or as an effect of (exclusive) breast feeding among adolescents. Thematic analysis and narrative synthesis were applied to summarise and interpret the findings.ResultsWe screened 982 titles and abstracts, reviewed 75 full-text articles and included nine. Eight studies assessed data from a single country (three from India, two from Bangladesh, two from Turkey, one from Nigeria). One study using Demographic and Health Survey data included 37 different LMICs. The five studies measuring duration of postpartum or lactational amenorrhoea reported a wide range of durations across the contexts examined. Four studies (from Bangladesh, Nigeria and Turkey) examined outcomes related to the use of lactational amenorrhoea as a family planning method among adolescents. We did not find any studies assessing adolescents’ knowledge of lactational amenorrhoea as a postpartum family planning method. Likewise, little is known about the effectiveness of lactational amenorrhoea method among adolescents using sufficiently large samples and follow-up time.ConclusionThe available evidence on lactational amenorrhoea among adolescents in LMICs is scarce. Given the potential contribution of lactational amenorrhoea to prevention of short interpregnancy intervals among adolescents and young women, there is a need for a better understanding of the duration of lactational amenorrhoea, and the knowledge and effective use of lactational amenorrhoea method for family planning among adolescents in a wider range of LMIC settings.

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Optimizing maternal and neonatal outcomes with postpartum contraception: impact on breastfeeding and birth spacing

Cited by 66 publications

References 58 publications

Women’s enlightenment and early antenatal care initiation are determining factors for the use of eight or more antenatal visits in Benin: further analysis of the Demographic and Health Survey

Women’s enlightenment and early antenatal care initiation are determining factors for the use of eight or more antenatal visits in Benin: further analysis of the Demographic and Health Survey

Resumption of sexual intercourse post partum and the utilisation of contraceptive methods in China: a cross-sectional study

Lactational amenorrhoea among adolescent girls in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic scoping review

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