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LIST OF TABLESThe emergence of wireless services demands an efficient use of the radio spectrum due to its scarcity. This problem can be addressed by using Cognitive radio (CR) technology that uses the spectrum in an opportunistic manner. Spectral reuse is one application of cognitive radio that permits secondary users/networks to use the licensed spectrum of the primary users when they are not active. Different types of spectrum sensing methods will be explained. The signal model for CR networks under AWGN channel as well as CR networks experiencing Rayleigh, Nakagami, Lognormal, Gamma, Nakagami-Lognormal composite and Nakagami-Gamma composite fading will be discussed. The achievable average probability of detection is presented for different types of channels. Simulation results will be presented for the detection performance of CR networks under different channels for a single SU. After that, suggested methods for improving the detection performance such as cooperative spectrum sensing, spatial correlation and heuristic methods will be investigated.