Optimizing Nitrogen Regime Improves Dry Matter and Nitrogen Accumulation during Grain Filling to Increase Rice Yield

Zhou, Shenqi; Liu, Kun; Zhuo, Xinxin; Wang, Weilu; Zhang, Weiyang; Zhang, Hao; Gu, Junfei; Yang, Jianchang; Liu, Lijun

doi:10.3390/agronomy13081983

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Nitrogen application increased the N content and Ndff of stems and leaves, which in turn increased main stem height, total branch number, main stem nods number, and main stem green leaves, and increased the accumulation of aboveground dry matter. This is consistent with previous research [27,28].…”

Section: Peanut Root Growthsupporting

confidence: 94%

Optimizing Initial Nitrogen Application Rates to Improve Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Biological Nitrogen Fixation

Liu,

Yan,

Wang

et al. 2023

Agronomy

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The application of nitrogen fertilizer is crucial to the growth and biological nitrogen fixation of peanut, especially in the seedling stage where nodules have not yet formed. However, it is still uncertain how much initial nitrogen fertilizer should be applied to promote peanut root growth, nodule formation, and biological nitrogen fixation (BNF). There, a 2-year pot experiment was conducted using Huayu 22 (HY22, large-grain cultivar) and Huayu 39 (HY39, small-grain cultivar) as experimental materials to research the effects of different initial nitrogen fertilizer application rates on peanut root growth (root weight, root length, root mean diameter, root activity) and biological nitrogen fixation capacity (nodule number, nodule weight, biological nitrogen fixation, and nitrogen fixation potential per plant). N0, as control, four initial nitrogen fertilizer application rates were established: 15 kg·hm−2 (N15), 30 kg·hm−2 (N30), 45 kg·hm−2 (N45), and 60 kg·hm−2 (N60). The present results showed that the nodule number, nodule dry weight, nitrogenase activity, and biological nitrogen fixation of the HY22 cultivar under the N15 treatment were higher compared to those under other treatments over the two growing seasons. In addition, the cultivar of HY39 treated with the N15 treatment also increased the nitrogen fixation potential per plant and BNF relative to other treatments. Although the application of 60 kg·hm−2 nitrogen increased the root surface area and root volume, it decreased the nitrogenase activity, nodule dry weight, and nitrogen fixation potential per plant of HY22 and HY39 varieties in both growing seasons. Above all, an initial nitrogen application of 15 kg·hm−2 may be the optimal treatment for promoting peanut nodule formation and biological nitrogen fixation.

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Section: Peanut Root Growthsupporting

confidence: 94%

Optimizing Initial Nitrogen Application Rates to Improve Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Biological Nitrogen Fixation

Liu,

Yan,

Wang

et al. 2023

Agronomy

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“…Cereal crops often alleviate the negative effects of stress during grain filling by improving the N transport within vegetative organs. [45][46][47]. Previous studies have shown that N accumulation in crops under stress is positively correlated with nitrate reductase and glutamate synthase activities, which increase C and N remobilization [48].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Soil Nitrogen Distribution Affects Nitrogen Utilization and Yield of Drip-Irrigated Rice

Li,

Yang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Agronomy

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The cultivation of drip-irrigated rice has resulted in lower yields. However, the decrease in rice yield under drip irrigation and its relationship with the existing water and N regime have not been fully explained. Research and development of optimized water and N-management techniques are crucial for increasing rice yield under drip irrigation. In this study, two irrigation treatments were set: conventional drip irrigation (DIO) and drip irrigation with water stress (DIS). Each irrigation treatment contained four N rates: urea N 240 kg ha−1 (LN), urea N 300 kg ha−1 (MN), urea N 360 kg ha−1 (HN), and ammonium sulfate N 300 kg ha−1 (AN). The soil’s ammonium and nitrate contents were measured on the 2nd and 28th days after N application at panicle initiation stage. At anthesis, the aboveground and root biomass of rice were measured. In heading and maturity stage the N content of aboveground was measured and the yield, yield components, and NPFP were assessed at maturity stage. The results showed the following: (1) On the second day after N application, the contents of soil NO3−-N and NH4+-N in the 0–10 cm soil layer were highest for both the DIO and DIS. On the 28th day after N application, the soil NO3−-N content was highest at the 20–40 cm depth, while the soil NH4+-N content was still highest at the 0–10 cm depth. (2) The aboveground and root biomass in DIO treatment were significantly higher than in DIS. Furthermore, the root biomass at the 0–10 cm depth was significantly greater than at the 10–50 cm depth for both the DIO and DIS treatments. In the DIO treatment, the root biomass at the 10–50 cm depth was significantly higher with the HN and AN treatments compared to MN. However, in the DIS treatment, the root biomass at the 10–50 cm depth did not show significant differences between the MN, HN, and AN. (3) N accumulation in rice was significantly higher for the DIO treatment compared to the DIS treatment. Under the same irrigation treatment, the N accumulation in rice was highest in the AN and lowest in the LN. The PrNTA and PrNTC in DIS were significantly higher than in DIO, while the PoNAA and PoNAC were significantly lower in DIS. (4) The number of panicles, spikelets per panicle, seed-setting rate, 1000-grain weight, and grain yield were significantly lower in DIS. Under the DIS, these parameters were not significantly different among the MN, HN, and AN. In the DIO, the seed-setting rate, 1000-grain weight, and yield were not significantly different between the HN and AN, but were significantly higher than in the MN and LN. (5) NPFP was significantly higher in the DIO compared to the DIS. Among the different N rates, NPFP was highest with the AN treatment and lowest with the LN. In summary, under drip irrigation, there was a mismatch between soil mineral N and the distribution of rice roots, leading to reduced N accumulation and utilization in rice, ultimately impacting yield formation. Increasing N application and soil ammonium nutrition can improve rice yield under drip irrigation. However, optimizing N fertilizer management may not increase rice yield further when irrigation is further limited.

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Morpho-Physiological Evaluation of Indica Rice Genotypes with Contrasting Crop Duration for Nitrogen Use Efficiency Under Graded Urea Doses

Tyagi,

Chakraborty,

Raghuram

2024

J Plant Growth Regul

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Optimizing Nitrogen Regime Improves Dry Matter and Nitrogen Accumulation during Grain Filling to Increase Rice Yield

Cited by 5 publications

References 52 publications

Optimizing Initial Nitrogen Application Rates to Improve Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Biological Nitrogen Fixation

Optimizing Initial Nitrogen Application Rates to Improve Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Biological Nitrogen Fixation

Soil Nitrogen Distribution Affects Nitrogen Utilization and Yield of Drip-Irrigated Rice

Morpho-Physiological Evaluation of Indica Rice Genotypes with Contrasting Crop Duration for Nitrogen Use Efficiency Under Graded Urea Doses

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