Optimizing the performance of dye-sensitized upconversion nanoparticles

Dye-Sensitized Lanthanide-Doped Upconversion Nanoparticles for Water Detection in Organic Solvents

“…The triple-layer core/shell/shell (CSS) UCNPs were synthesized via a modified thermal decomposition method (Figure a). − Er 3+ and Yb 3+ ions are codoped in the core, while Yb 3+ ions forms the bridging middle shell, and Nd 3+ ions were doped in the outer shell, generating UCNPs with a CSS configuration of NaGdF 4 :Yb,Er@NaYbF 4 :Gd@NaGdF 4 :Nd. TEM images of core, CS, and CSS show uniform sizes of these nanoparticles from 14.6 ± 1.2 to 16.9 ± 0.9 to 19.9 ± 0.9 nm, respectively (Figure b–d and Figure S1), indicating a successful epitaxial growth of different layers.…”

Assembling Near-Infrared Dye on the Surface of Near-Infrared Silica-Coated Copper Sulphide Plasmonic Nanoparticles

“…The functionalization of colloidal nanoparticles (NPs) with organic dyes has attracted significant interests due to the promising applications of these hybrid systems in different fields, such as photovoltaics [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ], photoswitchable non-fluorescent thermochromic hybrid probes [ 5 ], heterogeneous photocatalysis [ 6 ], upconversion and down-conversion of energy [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ], sensing and fluorescence imaging [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ], binding and removal of toxic dyes and heavy metal ions from water [ 18 , 19 , 20 ], surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy [ 21 , 22 ], etc. Depending on the surface chemistry of NPs, binding and immobilization of dye molecules on the surface of NPs can occur due to covalent bonding, H-bonding and/or physisorption.…”

“…Functionalization of plasmonic NPs active in the NIR region by NIR absorbing dyes is a new field which, due to the synergistic effect for boosting infrared light harvesting by both dyes and NPs [ 31 ], can be targeted at specific applications, such as improving the performance of solar cells, NIR light upconversion [ 8 ], development of nano-heaters in targeted photothermal therapy [ 32 , 33 ], and conversion of heat into thermoacoustic waves for image reconstruction [ 34 ], where the above effects associated with absorption or release of thermal energy from/to the environment can be controlled by NP surface chemistry and corresponding surface functionalization. On the other hand, plasmonic NPs can be used to control emission of the immobilized dyes in the NIR, which is important, for example, in biophotonic applications [ 35 ].…”

Blue-red emitting materials based on a pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine backbone: design and tuning of the photophysical, aggregation-induced emission, electrochemical and theoretical properties

“…From the literature, D–A molecules with acceptors such as quinoxaline, 6 indolo-quinoxaline, 7 pyrido[2,3- b ]pyrazine, 8 and phenazine 9 are well known, due to their excellent semiconducting and highly emissive properties with outstanding AIE and TADF characteristics. Here, the pyrido[2,3- b ]pyrazine acceptor is notable for its high electron-accepting ability, due to its additional pyridine N-atoms in the fused ring mimicking quinoxaline.…”

“…Here, the pyrido[2,3- b ]pyrazine acceptor is notable for its high electron-accepting ability, due to its additional pyridine N-atoms in the fused ring mimicking quinoxaline. Hence, it is used for the fabrication of electro-conductive and ambipolar electroluminescent devices, 8 while donors such as tri/diarylamines, carbazole, phenothiazine, and phenoxazine are generally used in the D–A system, as they help to tune optoelectronic properties, offering high conductivity and thermal stability. 3 d ,10…”