To estimate the effect of the axial movement of piston rings in the piston grooves on the blow-by in the internal combustion engine (ICE) by an experiment-calculated method. This contributes to the development of practical recommendations for the further improvement of the engine ring seal designs. Abstract theorems were used when modelling the effect of the axial movement of piston rings in the piston grooves on the blow-by in an ICE. They are based on the fundamental theory of heat engines, thermodynamics and hydraulics. The ICE running was analysed using design-theoretical research methods. The effect of the axial movement of piston rings in the piston grooves on the blow-by in the ICE was established. This creates prerequisites for a more accurate assessment of their sealing capacity and for ways to further improve them. Calculated dependences