Optimizing the Weld Strength of Ultrasonically Welded Nylon Composites

Liu, Shih‐Jung; Chang, I-Ta

doi:10.1177/0021998302036005476

Cited by 31 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Preferential heat generation at the weld line is based on higher cyclic strains which results from the lower compressive modulus of the neat thermoplastic resin as compared to the TPC specimens. For TPCs, several studies investigated the shape of energy directors and its effect on weld quality, [12,19,20] temperature field at the interface, [11,21] weld penetration, [11] flow of the ED [13] and heat-affected zone (HAZ). [12] It is clear from the literature that the geometry of the energy director plays a major role in the events occurring at the bond line.…”

Section: Open Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the effect of flat energy directors thickness on heat generation during ultrasonic welding of thermoplastic composites

Palardy

Villegas

2016

Composite Interfaces

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This paper presents a detailed experimental assessment of the effect of the thickness of flat energy directors (ED) on heat generation at the interface during ultrasonic welding. Power and displacement data showed clear differences caused by the change of thickness, related to heat concentration at the weld line during the process. The extent of the heat-affected zone was assessed by welding specimens without consolidation at different stages of the process. It was confirmed through optical microscopy that heat is generated at the interface and transferred to the bulk adherends earlier in the process for thinner ED. The analysis of their fracture surface under optimum welding conditions revealed signs of matrix degradation, leading to less consistent quality, likely due to faster heat generation rate in both the ED and the substrates, and incidentally, higher temperatures surrounding the energy director.

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Section: Open Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the effect of flat energy directors thickness on heat generation during ultrasonic welding of thermoplastic composites

Palardy

Villegas

2016

Composite Interfaces

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“…The attractive properties of polyamides in industrial applications can be impacted by their affinity with water, which may detrimentally impact their properties. The influence of water content on polyamides has been extensively investigated [14][15][16][17], as has its influence on joining and welding [18,19]. The main factors impacted by absorbed water are the reduction of viscosity [16,20], lowering of the glass transition temperature and hydrolysis during processing.…”

Section: Effect Of Polyamide Water Content On Mechanical Behaviour Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical and failure behaviour of hybrid polymer–metal staked joints

Abibe

Amancio‐Filho

Santos

et al. 2013

Materials & Design (1980-2015)

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Structural applications that use multi-material structures in the transportation industry have increased in recent years. Weight reduction in order to avoid excessive emissions is the driving force of this trend. The current joining technologies for such complex structures have potential for engineering and performance improvement. This preliminary study shows an alternative joining method for hybrid structures, the so-called Injection Clinching Joining (ICJ) [Abibe et al., J Thermoplast Compos 2011, 24:2; 233-49], based on the principles of staking, injection moulding, and mechanical fastening. The main objectives of the paper are to exploit the mechanical behaviour of overlap joints produced by this proposed method and assess its potential as an applicable technology. The measurements used in this research are optical and scanning electron microscopy, X-ray computer microtomography, lap-shear strength testing and in situ strain distribution. Different failure modes were found, depending on the joining conditions. Net tension failure had a brittle and catastrophic nature, while rivet pull-out presented a more desirable slow ductile failure mode. The joint strengths were good, ranging from 35,9% to 88,5% of the base material's experimental ultimate tensile stress. Although there is a lack of studies on structural staking applications, this paper shows potential for these joining techniques and introduces ICJ as a potential focus of future research.

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“…This can impair the polyamide's mechanical properties and affect its ability to be welded by ultrasonic welding. As the amount of moisture increases in the material, the tensile strength and the Young's modulus of the material decrease [9]. There is also an increase in toughness and a significant decrease in tensile strength ( Table 3) that occurs as moisture content increases, which may account for some of the difficulties encountered when ultrasonically welding polyamides, which are not in the DAM condition [3,5].…”

Section: The Effects Of Absorbed Moisture On Mechanical Performance Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Moisture Effects on Mechanical Performance of Laser-welded Polyamide

Kagan

Kocheny²,

Macur

2005

Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites

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Basic experimental investigations, in our case of polyamide at 'dry-as-molded conditions', include optical examination and mechanical performance for through transmission laser welding technology. Recent developments on laser welding of thermoplastics for automotive powertrain applications have discussed the influence of accumulated moisture on the optical and mechanical characteristics of laser welded polyamide. Results from this report provide supporting data that moisture in polyamides is not a barrier for laser welding applications, nor is detrimental for the mechanical performance of welded parts in automotive powertrain applications. Laser welding would be able to satisfy and support the basic demands of the mechanical performance of welded polyamide at various environmental and manufacturing conditions. This can only be achieved at optimized processing and weld design conditions.

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Optimizing the Weld Strength of Ultrasonically Welded Nylon Composites

Cited by 31 publications

References 14 publications

On the effect of flat energy directors thickness on heat generation during ultrasonic welding of thermoplastic composites

On the effect of flat energy directors thickness on heat generation during ultrasonic welding of thermoplastic composites

Mechanical and failure behaviour of hybrid polymer–metal staked joints

Moisture Effects on Mechanical Performance of Laser-welded Polyamide

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