Optimum heat treatment conditions for PAN-based oxidized electrospun nonwovens

Su, Ching‐Iuan; Jiang, Zong-Ying; Lu, Ching-Hsiang

doi:10.1007/s12221-012-0038-7

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…However, the heat treatment above 210 °C was disadvantageous to the tensile strength of the membrane, since the excessive oxidation made the PAN nanofibers brittle and friable, resulting in the low yield and tensile strengths. 45 Hence, the tensile strengths of P220 (43.3 MPa) and P230 (31.7 MPa) were lower than that of P210 (see Figure S3 for the strain−stress curves). The thermal dimensional stability of microporous membranes is another vital factor for battery safety as it prevents internal short-circuit failures caused by the shrinkage of membranes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Moreover, the connection of the nanofibers during the heat treatment enhanced the mechanical properties of the membranes. However, the heat treatment above 210 °C was disadvantageous to the tensile strength of the membrane, since the excessive oxidation made the PAN nanofibers brittle and friable, resulting in the low yield and tensile strengths . Hence, the tensile strengths of P220 (43.3 MPa) and P230 (31.7 MPa) were lower than that of P210 (see Figure S3 for the strain–stress curves).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polyacrylonitrile/Phosphazene Composite-Based Heat-Resistant and Flame-Retardant Separators for Safe Lithium-Ion Batteries

Kang

Jang

Jeong

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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A safe lithium-ion battery (LIB) is desirable to attain a high output power density, which facilitates the use of LIBs in electric vehicles and grid-scale energy storage systems. In this work, a polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based porous composite membrane incorporating a phosphorus flame-retardant agent, hexaphenoxycyclotriphosphazene (HPCTP), was fabricated for a heat-resistant and flame-retardant separator, preventing the combustion of LIBs due to short-circuit failures. Electrospinning was used to obtain the nanofibrous membranes, and the content of HPCTP varied from 0 to 20 wt %. To improve their mechanical and thermal properties, heat treatment was applied to the PAN-based membranes, and high tensile strength (>40 MPa) and low areal thermal shrinkage (<5% at 200 °C for 1 h) were achieved. Notably, the composites containing over 10 wt % of HPCTP showed excellent self-extinguishability, which could ensure the high safety of LIBs. Moreover, the ionic conductivity (0.95 mS/cm) and electrolyte uptake (162%) of the composite membrane were higher than those of a commercial polypropylene (PP) separator (Celgard 2400, 0.65 mS/cm and 63%, respectively). This was due to its interconnected pore structure and hydrophilic nature, affording superior discharge capacity and cycle stability. These results indicated that the PAN/HPCTP composite membranes can be used for high-energy density and safe LIBs as heat- and flame-resistant separators.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyacrylonitrile/Phosphazene Composite-Based Heat-Resistant and Flame-Retardant Separators for Safe Lithium-Ion Batteries

Kang

Jang

Jeong

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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“…The electrospun nanofibers were stabilized at 200 °C for 4 h in an air‐circulating oven. According to early studies, ladder‐shaped bonds of nitrile groups are formed, which ensures a high yield of nanofibers after activation . Then, the nanofibers were activated at 800 °C for 1 h in a CO 2 stream fed at 200 mL min −1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrospun melamine‐blended activated carbon nanofibers for enhanced control of indoor CO₂

Jeong

Wang

Adelodun

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Electrospun carbon nanofibers were activated with melamine-polyacrylonitrile [melamine-blended carbon nanofibers (MACNFs)] for use as a fibrous adsorbent for indoor CO 2 removal. Although, melamine doping was intended solely to incorporate basic nitrogen functionalities on the nanofibers, it also shortened fabrication time, conserving time, and energy cost. The specific surface area and microporosity of the fibers were enhanced from 412 m 2 g −1 and 0.1646 cm 3 g −1 to 547 m 2 g −1 and 0.220 cm 3 g −1 , respectively, upon final CO 2 activation of the nanofibers. With the chemical properties, we observed significant tethering of pyridine functionality. The sample, MACNF-7 (10 mL of polymer solution doped with 0.7 g of melamine), provided the optimum melamine doping condition to achieve the highest CO 2 adsorption capacity of 3.15 mmol g −1 . The adsorption performance was based on simultaneous improvement in microporosity (physical) and surface basicity (chemical) properties of the adsorbent. However, in a binary mixture with nitrogen, the selective adsorption of CO 2 showed the predominance of the improved surface basicity over microporosity. The highest CO 2 selective capture (1.22 mmol g −1 ) was occurred for a CO 2 :N 2 ratio of 0.15:0.85, with a selectivity of 58.19 at 273 K. In a regeneration test, stable and robust performance was achieved more than five cycles.

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“…The enhanced tensile strength may be associated with the welding of nanofibers during the heat treatment. However, heat treatment above 30 min had an adverse effect on the tensile strength as longer heat treatment accelerated the promotion of cleavage reaction in oxy-PAN molecular chain [21]. Hence, oxy-PAN-60 and oxy-PAN-120 have much lower tensile strength than oxy-PAN-30 (Fig.…”

Section: Mechanical Properties Of Oxy-pan Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partially oxidized polyacrylonitrile nanofibrous membrane as a thermally stable separator for lithium ion batteries

Lee

Manuel

Choi

et al. 2015

Polymer

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Optimum heat treatment conditions for PAN-based oxidized electrospun nonwovens

Cited by 7 publications

References 8 publications

Polyacrylonitrile/Phosphazene Composite-Based Heat-Resistant and Flame-Retardant Separators for Safe Lithium-Ion Batteries

Polyacrylonitrile/Phosphazene Composite-Based Heat-Resistant and Flame-Retardant Separators for Safe Lithium-Ion Batteries

Electrospun melamine‐blended activated carbon nanofibers for enhanced control of indoor CO₂

Partially oxidized polyacrylonitrile nanofibrous membrane as a thermally stable separator for lithium ion batteries

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Optimum heat treatment conditions for PAN-based oxidized electrospun nonwovens

Cited by 7 publications

References 8 publications

Polyacrylonitrile/Phosphazene Composite-Based Heat-Resistant and Flame-Retardant Separators for Safe Lithium-Ion Batteries

Polyacrylonitrile/Phosphazene Composite-Based Heat-Resistant and Flame-Retardant Separators for Safe Lithium-Ion Batteries

Electrospun melamine‐blended activated carbon nanofibers for enhanced control of indoor CO2

Partially oxidized polyacrylonitrile nanofibrous membrane as a thermally stable separator for lithium ion batteries

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Product

Resources

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Electrospun melamine‐blended activated carbon nanofibers for enhanced control of indoor CO₂