Optimum oxidation for direct and efficient extraction of carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals from recycled MDF fibers by ammonium persulfate

Khanjanzadeh, Hossein; Park, Byung‐Dae

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117029

Cited by 48 publications

(73 citation statements)

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“…The dimensions of both CNCs significantly decreased ( p < 0.01) with longer oxidation times. A longer oxidation time produced CNCs with a large surface area, which was due to a reduction in the dimensions (length and width) of the CNCs that was caused by the degraded and removed amorphous regions in cellulose during the APS oxidation process [ 35 ]. These results are in line with those of previous reports [ 24 , 35 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The zeta potential reflects the colloidal stability of CNCs, which is affected by particle dispersion or agglomeration that is caused by electrostatic repulsive forces. The higher absolute value of the ZP generated a more stable suspension of the CNCs [ 35 ]. A higher ZP value resulted in a significant repulsive force.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The untreated balsa and kapok fibers showed differences in the absorption bands measured at 1430–1250, 1610, 1750, and 2850 cm −1 due to the different amounts of extractive, hemicellulose, and lignin [ 37 ] ( Figure 4 ). The balsa and kapok fibers showed absorbance bands in the spectra at 1595, 1508, and 1230 cm −1 , assigned to C=O and C=C aromatic skeletal vibrations, indicating the presence of lignin and hemicellulose [ 38 , 39 ]. These bands were not visible in the CNC spectra after combining the delignification and oxidation processes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The CNCs of balsa and kapok fibers exhibited typical peaks at broad O–H stretching (3600–3100 cm −1 ), C–H stretches (3000–2800 cm −1 ), C–H bends (1450–1300 cm −1 ), and C–O stretching (1170–1050 cm −1 ) [ 38 ]. The CNCs showed more intense cellulose peaks at ~1159, 1106, and 1055 cm −1 [ 38 ]. The intense peaks corresponding to the vibrations of cellulose indicates the high purity of the CNCs after the combined process [ 40 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Oxidation Time on the Properties of Cellulose Nanocrystals Prepared from Balsa and Kapok Fibers Using Ammonium Persulfate

et al. 2021

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This study aimed to evaluate the effect of ammonium persulfate’s (APS) oxidation time on the characteristics of the cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) of balsa and kapok fibers after delignification pretreatment with sodium chlorite/acetic acid. This two-step method is important for increasing the zeta potential value and achieving higher thermal stability. The fibers were partially delignified using acidified sodium chlorite for four cycles, followed by APS oxidation at 60 °C for 8, 12, and 16 h. The isolated CNCs with a rod-like structure showed an average diameter in the range of 5.5–12.6 nm and an aspect ratio of 14.7–28.2. Increasing the reaction time resulted in a gradual reduction in the CNC dimensions. The higher surface charge of the balsa and kapok CNCs was observed at a longer oxidation time. The CNCs prepared from kapok had the highest colloid stability after oxidation for 16 h (−62.27 mV). The CNCs with higher crystallinity had longer oxidation times. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that the CNCs with a higher thermal stability had longer oxidation times. All of the parameters were influenced by the oxidation time. This study indicates that APS oxidation for 8–16 h can produce CNCs from delignified balsa and kapok with satisfactory zeta potential values and thermal stabilities.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Oxidation Time on the Properties of Cellulose Nanocrystals Prepared from Balsa and Kapok Fibers Using Ammonium Persulfate

et al. 2021

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“…Nonetheless, OH bending was still detected and overlapped at the shoulder of the spectrum of the CM-CNFs, indicating that there are still certain similarities between the CNFs and CM-CNFs, with their only difference being in the abundance of negative charges. Interestingly, the absorption bands at ~1107 cm −1 (anhydroglucose ring vibration) and 1053 cm −1 (C−O−C pyranose ring vibration) in the FTIR spectrum of the C-CNCs are more intense than those observed for the other samples, indicating that certain non-cellulosic amorphous material was removed during the oxidation of the samples, which consequently increased the crystalline cellulose content(Khanjanzadeh and Park 2021). These bands are of very weak intensity in the spectrum of the CM-CNFs, indicating…”

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confidence: 97%

Direct Measurement of Surface Adhesion Between Thin Films of Nanocellulose and Urea–Formaldehyde Resin Adhesives

Wibowo

Park

2021

Preprint

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When applying an adhesive to wood, the chemical heterogeneity of the wood cell walls makes it difficult to understand the contribution they make to the interfacial adhesion between the adhesive and the wood as the adhesion is a very complex physical and chemical phenomenon. This study, for the first time, directly measured the surface adhesion between cellulose, a major component of wood, and urea–formaldehyde (UF) resin adhesives. The adhesion between thin, smooth nanocellulose films, such as cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs), carboxymethylated nanofibrils (CM)–CNFs, and carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals (C–CNCs), and UF resins with two formaldehyde to urea (F/U) molar ratios of 1.0 and 1.6 was measured using two approaches: 1) direct measurement of the adhesion force between nanocellulose films and liquid droplets of the UF resins, and 2) calculation of the work of adhesion between films of the nanocelluloses and UF resins using the contact angle and the van Oss–Chaudhury–Good (OCG) method. The results show that the total surface energies, either between the different nanocelluloses or between the two UF resins are somewhat similar, indicating the similarity in their surface properties. However, the adhesion force and work of adhesion of 1.6 UF resins with different types of nanocellulose are higher than those of 1.0 UF resins, which shows that van der Waals forces are dominant in their molecular interactions. These results suggest that the adhesion between 1.6 UF resins and nanocellulose is stronger than that when 1.0 UF resins are used because the 1.6 UF resins have a more branched structure, smoother surface, and higher surface energy.

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Cellulose Nanocrystals (CNCs) Supported Inorganic Nanomaterials for Catalytic Applications

Rubiyah

Melethil

James

et al. 2022

Handbook of Biopolymers

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Optimum oxidation for direct and efficient extraction of carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals from recycled MDF fibers by ammonium persulfate

Cited by 48 publications

References 58 publications

Effect of Oxidation Time on the Properties of Cellulose Nanocrystals Prepared from Balsa and Kapok Fibers Using Ammonium Persulfate

Effect of Oxidation Time on the Properties of Cellulose Nanocrystals Prepared from Balsa and Kapok Fibers Using Ammonium Persulfate

Direct Measurement of Surface Adhesion Between Thin Films of Nanocellulose and Urea–Formaldehyde Resin Adhesives

Cellulose Nanocrystals (CNCs) Supported Inorganic Nanomaterials for Catalytic Applications

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