Optimum Sensors Allocation for a Forest Fires Monitoring System

Azevedo, Beatriz Flamia; Brito, Thadeu; Lima, José; Pereira, Ana I.

doi:10.3390/f12040453

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Acoustic monitoring data from fixed audio recording sensors can be used to monitor animal species in African forests [24]. However, a critical aspect of fixed sensor monitoring network design is the selection of fixed sensor locations [25,26].…”

Section: Fixed Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semantic Conceptual Framework for Environmental Monitoring and Surveillance—A Case Study on Forest Fire Video Monitoring and Surveillance

et al. 2022

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This paper presents a semantic conceptual framework and definition of environmental monitoring and surveillance and demonstrates an ontology implementation of the framework. This framework is defined in a mathematical formulation and is built upon and focused on the notation of observation systems. This formulation is utilized in the analysis of the observation system. Three taxonomies are presented, namely, the taxonomy of (1) the sampling method, (2) the value format and (3) the functionality. The definition of concepts and their relationships in the conceptual framework clarifies the task of querying for information related to the state of the environment or conditions related to specific events. This framework aims to make the observation system more queryable and therefore more interactive for users or other systems. Using the proposed semantic conceptual framework, we derive definitions of the distinguished tasks of monitoring and surveillance. Monitoring is focused on the continuous assessment of an environment state and surveillance is focused on the collection of all data relevant for specific events. The proposed mathematical formulation is implemented in the format of the computer readable ontology. The presented ontology provides a general framework for the semantic retrieval of relevant environmental information. For the implementation of the proposed framework, we present a description of the Intelligent Forest Fire Video Monitoring and Surveillance system in Croatia. We present the implementation of the tasks of monitoring and surveillance in the application domain of forest fire management.

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Section: Fixed Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semantic Conceptual Framework for Environmental Monitoring and Surveillance—A Case Study on Forest Fire Video Monitoring and Surveillance

et al. 2022

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“…1), this work is concentrated only on the LoRaWAN's Transmission and the proposed arrangement bits protocol. Other SAFe's approaches can be seen in [1][2][3][4]. In this way, considering the high number of modules (end devices) used in this project, there is a requirement to ensure no collisions between their messages; the whole modules' description is explained in [2,4].…”

Section: System Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 'x' are the unused bits. [1] ... s0 [1] x x x x x x x T7 ... T0 [2] ... s0 [2] x x x x x x B9 B8 ... B0 S[3] Legend x x x x x x s9 [3] s8 [3] ... s0 [3] Used by 10 bits sensors Used by Relative Humidity S [4] Used by Temperature x x x x x x s9 [4] s8 [4] ... s0 [4] This approach intends to sort the bits using a less value as possible in bytes protocol used to transmit the data by LoRaWAN. The main idea is distribute each bit from each sensor during the encoding process, in a manner that is necessary use the minimum Bytes.…”

Section: Algorithmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The SAFe's implementation is localised to the Serra da Nogueira area, belonging to the Natura 2000 Network, with unique characteristics in the Bragança region and with an extension of approximately 13 km. Considering the region's size to be monitored, data transmission is carried out by LoRaWAN, it is based on low power wide area network, which will guarantee full coverage of the area in question [1][2][3][4]. This type of communication is increasingly used, and it is estimated that by 2024, the IoT industry will generate revenue of 4.3 trillion dollars [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimizing Data Transmission in a Wireless Sensor Network Based on LoRaWAN Protocol

Brito

Zorawski

Mendes

et al. 2021

Communications in Computer and Information Science

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material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

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“…Among the options for automatic ground-level fire detection and monitoring, bushfire wireless sensor networks are showing promise as a technology emerging with the growth of the internet of things [14][15][16][17][18][19]. The challenges for bushfire sensors include the large land area to be monitored, the cost, the randomness of the time between fire events, false alarms, battery life, durability and surviving the fire event long enough to report meaningful data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Underground LoRa Sensor Node for Bushfire Monitoring

Herring

Sharp²,

Roberts

et al. 2022

Fire Technol

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The feasibility of an underground LoRaWAN bushfire temperature sensing node from the point of view of survivability in a bushfire event is considered. Thermal penetration into the soil is modelled using a one-dimensional analytical formulation for a semi-infinite solid. A working prototype of the sensor unit was tested experimentally beneath a relatively small (400 mm × 400 mm base) timber fire. A buried LoRa radio (depth 100 mm) with a k-type thermocouple monitored the temperature from beneath the fire. The analysis demonstrates that under dry soil conditions, the time that the sensor node under the fire base can endure is proportional to the square of the depth of burial of the electronic components and inversely proportional to the thermal diffusivity of the soil. The original contribution of the work is in the practical demonstration of the durability of a LoRa sensing node beneath a fire front for bushfire sensing applications.

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Optimum Sensors Allocation for a Forest Fires Monitoring System

Cited by 19 publications

References 19 publications

Semantic Conceptual Framework for Environmental Monitoring and Surveillance—A Case Study on Forest Fire Video Monitoring and Surveillance

Semantic Conceptual Framework for Environmental Monitoring and Surveillance—A Case Study on Forest Fire Video Monitoring and Surveillance

Optimizing Data Transmission in a Wireless Sensor Network Based on LoRaWAN Protocol

Underground LoRa Sensor Node for Bushfire Monitoring

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