Optoelectronic/memory storage properties of triphenylamine-based dual-function electrochromic materials

Chang, Lijing; Hou, Yanjun; Bai, Ju; Xu, Haoran; Zhang, Yuhang; Miao, Shoulei; Wang, Cheng

doi:10.1016/j.matchemphys.2021.125196

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Ideally, a greater value for coloration efficiency is desired, as it indicates that a lower amount of charge is required to create greater optical contrast. In contrast to metal-oxide-based ECDs, 30 as well as ECDs based on triphenylamine polymers 7 and viologen derivative gels 31 with coloration efficiency values that rarely exceed 200 cm 2 /C, ECDs based on metalorganic molecules 9−11 and polymers 32 often demonstrate higher values. The coloration efficiency of the device was determined from the charge−optical density plot (Figure 6B) to be 210 cm 2 /C.…”

Section: Acs Applied Energy Materialsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In modern literature, we see a dramatic growth of interest in the development of effective energy-efficient electrochromic devices (ECDs). This fundamental research has immediate applications in a wide variety of fields such as “smart” windows, anti-glare glass, signage, and wearable technology, as well as for energy storage applications. − Consequently, this has resulted in significant improvements in the performance and stability of the electrochromic materials (ECMs) based on organic molecules, conjugated conductive polymers, − metal oxides, and metal-coordination complexes. − Novel hybrid ECMs are developed and systematically optimized to obtain desired optical properties such as high optical density and coloration efficiency, fast bleaching and coloration speeds, and optical durability. In addition, there has been stemmed interest into the improvement of electrolytes used for solid-state ECDs in order to maximize the ionic conductivity and long-term stability. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surface-Enhanced Counter Electrode Materials for the Fabrication of Ultradurable Electrochromic Devices

Ahmad

DiPalo

Bell

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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Electrochromic devices (ECDs) and especially electrochromic supercapacitors, where the real-time state of charge is indicated by the color, have a wide range of applications. However, to meet modern challenges, these devices should demonstrate exceptional charge–discharge durability. In this work, we demonstrate that electrochemical cycling stability of ECDs based on a monolayer of 4′-(4-pyridyl)-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine–iron(II) complex that was covalently linked to the working electrode (WE) can be drastically enhanced by a proper design of the counter electrode (CE). Enhancing the surface area of the flat indium tin oxide (ITO) CE by a layer of screen-printed ITO nanoparticles results in an ECD that upon continuous spectro-electrochemical switching for 600 cycles demonstrates negligible deterioration of the change in optical density. The enhanced surface area of the CE significantly diminishes the electrode and gel electrolyte degradation and allows us to gain fundamental insight into the pathway of degradation of the electrochromic molecules at the WE. During prolonged cycling (20,000 and 50,000 cycles), the overall total resistance of ECDs remains fairly unchanged, while the capacitance decreases due to a loss of the pseudocapacitive component associated with electrochromic molecules. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) suggests that this loss is likely due to the cleavage of the linkage C–N+ bond followed by the dissolution of the entire metal complex molecule into the electrolyte.

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Section: Acs Applied Energy Materialsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface-Enhanced Counter Electrode Materials for the Fabrication of Ultradurable Electrochromic Devices

Ahmad

DiPalo

Bell

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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“…Electrochromic devices (ECDs) capable of a reversible change in optical properties under applied voltage have attracted a lot of attention due to their great potential for use in modern smart windows, nonemitting displays, antiglare mirrors, and signage. In addition, the interest in the development of ECDs is fueled by a vast variety of suitable electrochromic materials (ECMs), which are based on inorganic , compounds, organic, − and metalorganic polymers − just to name a few. Among others, ECMs based on covalent immobilization of polypyridine complexes of transition metals onto high surface area electrodes have several advantages. , This includes a rapid charge transfer within the surface-confine monolayer and provides access to stable ECMs with fast switching times as well as substantial coloration efficiencies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonconventional Symmetric Double-Side Electrochromic Devices Employing a Nafion Conductive Layer to Unlock Superior Durability

DiPalo,

Ahmad,

Ebralidze

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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In this work, we present a methodology to create an effective novel double-sided symmetric architecture of solid-state electrochromic devices. This principally new nonconventional configuration provides access to novel electrochromic systems that could be applicable for the creation of smart double-side signage, smart boards, nonemissive displays, and other smart interactive devices that change their color upon application of a voltage. The proposed configuration is based on the assembly of two identical electrochromic materials facing each other through an opaque optical separator. As a proof of concept, we use an electrochromic material based on bis(4′-(pyridin-4-yl)-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine) iron complex, covalently immobilized on screenprinted surface-extended ITO support. The symmetric configuration allows for a drastic enhancement of the overall stability of the device due to both attenuation of the counter electrode polarization and minimization of electrolyte decomposition. A nontransparent ion-permeable separator, in turn, allows observing the color change of only one of the electrodes by cutting off the optical contribution of the electrode located behind it. Further functionalization of the electrochromic material with a thin layer of Nafion is a beneficial strategy to significantly boost up long-term durability of the devices. Applying a layer of Nafion to the electrochromic material results in an increase in ionic conductivity within the device and ensures better retention of electrochromic molecules on the surface, thus minimizing device decomposition during long-term electrochemical cycling. An electrochromic device that bears Nafion-functionalized electrodes can operate (i) in the dual-side mode, where both sides demonstrate effective electrochromic performance; or (ii) in a one-side manner, where only one side of the device changes color. Notably, when operating in the one-side mode, the device withstands 70,000 cycles, after which the performance of the device can be resumed by simply turning the device to the other side (via switching the polarity of the electrodes).

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“…Inorganic systems include transition metal oxides (such as tungsten trioxide, 5,6 nickel oxide, 7,8 and vanadium pentoxide 9,10 ) and Prussian blue, 11,12 etc. Organic systems include organic polymers (such as polyanilin, 13,14 polythiophene, 15,16 polypyrrole 17 ) and organic molecules (such as 1,1-disubstituted-4,4 0 -bipyridinium salts 2,18,19 and phenothiazines 20 ), etc. Compared with inorganic electrochromic materials, organic electrochromic materials have advantages of modifiable structure, adjustable color, and rich color changes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible electrochromic devices having remarkable color change from golden to green and their application in smart windows and electronic labels

Wang

Qian

et al. 2022

New J. Chem.

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In this study, four viologen derivatives, such as 1,1’–bis(4–(bis(4–bromophenyl)amino)phenyl)–[4,4’–bipyridine] dihexafluorophosphate (DBrPV), 1–benzyl–1'–(4–(bis(4–bromophenyl)amino)phenyl)–[4,4'–bipyridine]dihexafluorophosphate (Bn–BrPV), 1,1’–bis(4–(3,6–dibromo–9H–carbazol–9–yl)phenyl)–[4,4’–bipyridine]dihexafluorophosphate (DBrCV), and 1–benzyl–1’–(4–(3,6–dibromo–9H–carbazol–9–yl) phenyl)–[4,4'–bipyridine]dihexafluorophosphate (Bn–BrCV), were synthesized. Electrochromic devices (ECDs) were fabricated using four viologen derivatives...

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Optoelectronic/memory storage properties of triphenylamine-based dual-function electrochromic materials

Cited by 18 publications

References 42 publications

Surface-Enhanced Counter Electrode Materials for the Fabrication of Ultradurable Electrochromic Devices

Surface-Enhanced Counter Electrode Materials for the Fabrication of Ultradurable Electrochromic Devices

Nonconventional Symmetric Double-Side Electrochromic Devices Employing a Nafion Conductive Layer to Unlock Superior Durability

Flexible electrochromic devices having remarkable color change from golden to green and their application in smart windows and electronic labels

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