Optofluidic lens with tunable focal length and asphericity

Mishra, Kartikeya; Murade, C.U.; Carreel, Bruno; Roghair, I.; Oh, Jung Min; Manukyan, G.; Ende, Dirk van den; Mugele, Friedrich Gunther

doi:10.1038/srep06378

Cited by 92 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…3(a), where, starting from the spherical meniscus at 0 V, the lens assumes aspherical profiles at higher voltages. These trends are consistent with the results reported by Mishra et al [2], where the LSA was shown to increase with the hydrostatic pressure for a spherical lens shape at zero voltage. Fig.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Figure 1(a) depicts the schematic of the experimental setup employed by Mishra et al [2]. The device consists of a top glass plate (light blue in Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ratio of refractive index of lens fluid to ambient silicon oil is 1.10. Further details of the lens device can be found elsewhere [2]. Figure 1(b) shows a side-view of one such aspherical lens under an applied voltage.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared to our previous estimate [2], in which we calculated the longitudinal spherical aberration (LSA) solely on the basis of the shape of the lens surface, this analysis also includes the optical effect of the top and bottom glass plates, which are integral elements of the actual lens device. Moreover, by calculating Z11, we quantify the actual wavefront aberrations, whereas the LSA merely signifies geometrical aberrations.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this work, we employ Zemax to analyze the optical performance of our electrically tunable aspherical lenses, as reported by Mishra et al [2]. There, we presented a design and demonstrated experimentally that spherical aberration can be suppressed by the application of a voltage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Numerical analysis of electrically tunable aspherical optofluidic lenses

Mishra¹,

Mugele²

2016

Opt. Express

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Abstract:In this work, we use the numerical simulation platform Zemax to investigate the optical properties of electrically tunable aspherical liquid lenses, as we recently reported in an experimental study [K. Mishra, C. Murade, B. Carreel, I. Roghair, J. M. Oh, G. Manukyan, D. van den Ende, and F. Mugele, "Optofluidic lens with tunable focal length and asphericity," Sci. Rep. 4, 6378 (2014)]. Based on the measured lens profiles in the presence of an inhomogeneous electric field and the geometry of the optical device, we calculate the optical aberrations, focusing in particular on the Z11 Zernike coefficient of spherical aberration obtained at zero defocus (Z4). Focal length and spherical aberrations are calculated for a wide range of control parameters (fluid pressure and electric field), parallel with the experimental results. Similarly, the modulation transfer function (MTF), image spot diagrams, Strehl's ratio, and peak-to-valley (P-V) and root mean square (RMS) wavefront errors are calculated to quantify the performance of our aspherical liquid lenses. We demonstrate that the device concept allows compensation for a wide range of spherical aberrations encountered in optical systems.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Figure 1(a) depicts the schematic of the experimental setup employed by Mishra et al [2]. The device consists of a top glass plate (light blue in Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Numerical analysis of electrically tunable aspherical optofluidic lenses

Mishra¹,

Mugele²

2016

Opt. Express

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Bioinspired Artificial Eyes: Optic Components, Digital Cameras, and Visual Prostheses

Lee

Choi

Kim

et al. 2017

Adv Funct Materials

200

168

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The diverse vision systems found in nature can provide interesting design inspiration for imaging devices, ranging from optical subcomponents to digital cameras and visual prostheses, with more desirable optical characteristics compared to conventional imagers. The advantages of natural vision systems include high visual acuity, wide field of view, wavelength-free imaging, improved aberration correction and depth of field, and high motion sensitivity. Recent advances in soft materials, ultrathin electronics, and deformable optoelectronics have facilitated the realization of novel processes and device designs that mimic biological vision systems. This review highlights recent progress and continued efforts in the research and development of bioinspired artificial eyes. At first, the configuration of two representative eyes found in nature: a single-chambered eye and a compound eye, is explained. Then, advances in bioinspired optic components and image sensors are discussed in terms of materials, optical/mechanical designs, and integration schemes. Subsequently, novel visual prostheses as representative application examples of bioinspired artificial eyes are described.

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A Microfluidic Acoustic Metamaterial using Electrowetting: Enabling Active Broadband Tunability

Bansal

Subramanian

2021

Adv Materials Technologies

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membrane-type metamaterials, [17] recent work has shown that integrating liquids with the solid structures can dramatically assist reconfigurability. Recently a passively reconfigurable Helmholtz resonator was illustrated, where different volumes of water were filled to tune its free cavity space. [18] However, for actively tuning the liquid embedded metamaterial designs, we need active microfluidic techniques for on-chip control of liquid mobility. A number of active microfluidic control mechanisms [19] exist in literature like photo-electrowetting, electrophoresis, and surface acoustic waves. These can be used to move microscale droplets in a controlled manner, and have been explored for various applications like lab-on-a-chip, [20] printing, [21] opto-fluidic lensing, [22] and acousto-fluidics. [23] However, the field of acousto-fluidics [24] has to-date focused only upon manipulating liquid droplets using applied acoustic fields [25,26] and not vice versa. Furthermore, there are fabrication challenges in making ultra-compact tunable metamaterial designs, because of the large dimensions, low throughput, bulk geometries, and huge material costs required for incorporating active control mechanisms. Here, we propose and develop a novel ultra-compact metastructure, which we refer as a metamaterial, with an active actuation mechanism utilizing microfluidics, that will be practically significant and promote a new approach toward microfluidic acoustic metamaterials (MAMs).In this paper, we design, fabricate, and demonstrate a droplet integrated metamaterial, which derives its tunability from a digital microfluidics based active droplet manipulation technique called electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWOD). [27][28][29] We achieve dynamic control of a deep sub-wavelength slit (dimensions, length = 0.5 λ (L), width = 0.06 λ, and height = 0.02 λ) for manipulating ultrasound (40 kHz) by using microelectromechanical (MEMS) technology. Ultrathin deep subwavelength metamaterial for example, around λ/650 at the frequency of 20.9 kHz (λ denotes the wavelength of sound), where arbitrary patterns were paper-cut by hollow-out patterning on metasurfaces, seldom exist in literature. [30] Most of the reported works like ultrasonic meta-lens [31] which range within µm to mm scale are "passive," but here we propose a novel actively tunable deep subwavelength ultrathin metamaterial (200 µm in thickness, up to λ/44), establishing a record in comparison with previous works to our best knowledge. MEMS based MAM design paves While acoustic metamaterials provide extraordinary control to manipulate sound waves, their physical realization and applicability are severely impeded by the limited tunability, narrow operational frequency range, and noncompact designs. Integrating liquids with active actuation mechanism in the metamaterials provides broader material and design scope. Active microfluidic techniques for liquid actuation, never used in metamaterials before, will enable active tunability for liquid-embedded metamaterial designs, leading tow...

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Optofluidic lens with tunable focal length and asphericity

Cited by 92 publications

References 29 publications

Numerical analysis of electrically tunable aspherical optofluidic lenses

Numerical analysis of electrically tunable aspherical optofluidic lenses

Bioinspired Artificial Eyes: Optic Components, Digital Cameras, and Visual Prostheses

A Microfluidic Acoustic Metamaterial using Electrowetting: Enabling Active Broadband Tunability

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