Optomechanical measurement of a millimeter-sized mechanical oscillator approaching the quantum ground state

Santos, Jorge; Li, Jian; Ilves, Jesper; Ockeloen-Korppi, Caspar; Sillanpää, Mika

doi:10.1088/1367-2630/aa83a5

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…In literature, many approaches have been pursued to enhance optomechanical coupling [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] . Resonant coupling, with ω m = ω c , has been demonstrated successfully for a carbon nanotube quantum dot 26 , but does not provide access to the wide set of experimental protocols developed for the usual case of dispersive coupling and the "good cavity limit" ω m ≫ κ c .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum capacitance mediated carbon nanotube optomechanics

et al. 2020

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Cavity optomechanics allows the characterization of a vibration mode, its cooling and quantum manipulation using electromagnetic fields. Regarding nanomechanical as well as electronic properties, single wall carbon nanotubes are a prototypical experimental system. At cryogenic temperatures, as high quality factor vibrational resonators, they display strong interaction between motion and single-electron tunneling. Here, we demonstrate large optomechanical coupling of a suspended carbon nanotube quantum dot and a microwave cavity, amplified by several orders of magnitude via the nonlinearity of Coulomb blockade. From an optomechanically induced transparency (OMIT) experiment, we obtain a single photon coupling of up to g 0 = 2π ⋅ 95 Hz. This indicates that normal mode splitting and full optomechanical control of the carbon nanotube vibration in the quantum limit is reachable in the near future. Mechanical manipulation and characterization via the microwave field can be complemented by the manifold physics of quantum-confined single electron devices.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum capacitance mediated carbon nanotube optomechanics

et al. 2020

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“…A suitably designed electrical network appropriately transforms Re[Z] and Im[Z] to form a natural bridge between the piezoelectric device and the input. There are several options for such a matching network [62][63][64][65][66]. For simplicity, we consider a simple RLC network (green box in Figs.…”

Section: Matching Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave-to-Optical Transduction Using a Mechanical Supermode for Coupling Piezoelectric and Optomechanical Resonators

Zeuthen

Balram

et al. 2020

Phys. Rev. Applied

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The successes of superconducting quantum circuits at local manipulation of quantum information and photonics technology at long-distance transmission of the same have spurred interest in the development of quantum transducers for efficient, low-noise, and bidirectional frequency conversion of photons between the microwave and optical domains. We propose to realize such functionality through the coupling of electrical, piezoelectric, and optomechanical resonators. The coupling of the mechanical subsystems enables formation of a resonant mechanical supermode that provides a mechanically-mediated, efficient single interface to both the microwave and optical domains. The conversion process is analyzed by applying an equivalent circuit model that relates device-level parameters to overall figures of merit for conversion efficiency η and added noise N . These can be further enhanced by proper impedance matching of the transducer to an input microwave transmission line. The performance of potential transducers is assessed through finite-element simulations, with a focus on geometries in GaAs, followed by considerations of the AlN, LiNbO3, and AlN-on-Si platforms. We present strategies for maximizing η and minimizing N , and find that simultaneously achieving η > 50 % and N < 0.5 should be possible with current technology. Our comprehensive analysis of the full transduction chain enables us to outline a development path for the realization of high-performance quantum transducers that will constitute a new resource for quantum information science.

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“…A benchmark would be to prepare a quantum state in an oscillator whose mass exceeds the mass equivalent of about 20 μg of the Planck energy, which represents a plausible crossover above which quantum states have been hypothesized to decohere [14,15]. Experimental preparations have been going on to cool oscillators with these heavy effective masses towards the motional ground state [16][17][18][19][20][21]. Microwave cavity optomechanics [22] offers another possibility as a side product from the more complex scheme we discuss below.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gravitational Forces Between Nonclassical Mechanical Oscillators

et al. 2021

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Interfacing quantum mechanics and gravity is one of the great open questions in natural science. Micromechanical oscillators have been suggested as a plausible platform to carry out these experiments. We present an experimental design aiming at these goals, inspired by Schmöle et al. [Class. Quantum Grav. 33, 125031 (2016)]. Gold spheres weighing of the order of a milligram will be positioned on large silicon nitride membranes, which are spaced at submillimeter distances from each other. These massloaded membranes are mechanical oscillators that vibrate at about 2 kHz frequencies in a drum mode. They are operated and measured by coupling to microwave cavities. First, we show that it is possible to measure the gravitational force between the oscillators at deep cryogenic temperatures, where thermal mechanical noise is strongly suppressed. We investigate the measurement of gravity when the positions of the gravitating masses exhibit significant quantum fluctuations, including preparation of the massive oscillators in the ground state, or in a squeezed state. We also present a plausible scheme to realize an experiment where the two oscillators are prepared in a two-mode squeezed motional quantum state that exhibits nonlocal quantum correlations and gravity at the same time. Although the gravity is classical, the experiment will pave the way for testing true quantum gravity in related experimental arrangements. In a proof-of-principle experiment, we operate a 1.7 mm diameter Si 3 N 4 membrane loaded by a 1.3 mg gold sphere. At a temperature of 10 mK, we observe the drum mode with a quality factor above half a million at 1.7 kHz, showing strong promise for the experiments. Following implementation of vibration isolation, cryogenic positioning, and phase noise filtering, we foresee that realizing the experiments is in reach by combining known pieces of current technology.

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Optomechanical measurement of a millimeter-sized mechanical oscillator approaching the quantum ground state

Cited by 18 publications

References 49 publications

Quantum capacitance mediated carbon nanotube optomechanics

Quantum capacitance mediated carbon nanotube optomechanics

Microwave-to-Optical Transduction Using a Mechanical Supermode for Coupling Piezoelectric and Optomechanical Resonators

Gravitational Forces Between Nonclassical Mechanical Oscillators

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