Increasing our understanding of the physiological processes underlying speech production is crucial for both theoretical and clinical reasons. Such gains in theory and clinical application, however, depend on the availability and use of technologically advanced instruments that can accurately reveal the processes of interest. Consequently, it is essential that not only researchers but also clinicians and students in communication sciences and disorders have access to up-to-date information about the most recent developments in the area of instrumental analyses of speech production. Those professionals involved in research continually need to make important decisions regarding the most appropriate instruments to address their specific research questions, whereas those in clinical practice need at least a basic understanding of the same information to interpret the contemporary literature and to decide when a specific instrument is ready to be used for diagnosis or I