Oral administration of <i>Crataegus</i> flavonoids protects against ischemia/reperfusion brain damage in gerbils

Zhang, Deliang; Zhang, Yue-Ting; Yin, Jun‐Jie; Zhao, Baolu

doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02480.x

Cited by 76 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Lipid peroxidation was estimated by measuring the formed malondialdehyde (MDA) colorimetrically using method described by Zhang et al (2004). Sciatic nerve was isolated bilaterally from the inguinal ligament to its trifurcation.…”

Section: Lipid Peroxidationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of U83836E on nerve functions, hyperalgesia and oxidative stress in experimental diabetic neuropathy

2006

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Oxidative stress has been implicated to play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy, which is the most common complication of diabetes mellitus affecting more than 50% of diabetic patients. In the present study, we have investigated the effect of U83836E], a potent free radical scavenger in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic neuropathy in rats. STZ-induced diabetic rats showed significant deficit in motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV), nerve blood flow (NBF) and thermal hyperalgesia after 8 weeks of diabetes induction, indicating development of diabetic neuropathy. Antioxidant enzyme (superoxide dismutase and catalase) levels were reduced and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly increased in diabetic rats as compared to the age-matched control rats, this indicates the involvement of oxidative stress in diabetic neuropathy. The 2-week treatment with U83836E (3 and 9 mg/kg, i.p.) started 6 weeks after diabetes induction significantly ameliorated the alterations in MNCV, NBF, hyperalgesia, MDA levels and antioxidant enzymes in diabetic rats. Results of the present study suggest the potential of U83836E in treatment of diabetic neuropathy.

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Section: Lipid Peroxidationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of U83836E on nerve functions, hyperalgesia and oxidative stress in experimental diabetic neuropathy

2006

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“…major NE Br., have also been used as herbal medicines. 2,3) Studies indicate that Chinese hawthorn extracts have beneficial effects, such as antioxidant, 4,5) anti-inflammatory, 6) and hypolipidemic effects, 7) as well as protective effects on the brain and vascular endothelium 8,9) and endothelium-dependent relaxation. 10) Recently, we analyzed 37 major cultivars of Chinese hawthorn using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and found that procyanidins, which were present in high concentrations, were the main phenolic active constituents in these fruits.…”

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confidence: 99%

Polyphenolic Content and Physiological Activities of Chinese Hawthorn Extracts

Cui

Nakamura

Tian

et al. 2006

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry

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Hawthorn polyphenol (HP) was prepared by ethyl acetate treatment of the ethanol extract (HE) of Chinese hawthorn fruit. The concentrations of 15 polyphenols in the HP, HE, extraction residue (HJ), and a hawthorn leaf extract (HF) were determined by HPLC. For HP, the total content of the 15 polyphenols was 21.4%, comprised of 19.7% of procyanidins, 1.21% of chlorogenic acid, and 0.48% of flavonoids, compared to 2.55% for the HE. The yields of procyanidin monomer, dimer, trimer, tetramer, and pentamer were 50.5%, 30.3%, 23.0%, 14.6%, and 12.5% respectively, and the mean degree of polymerization was reduced to 1.39 (HP) from 1.65 (HE). Seven different physiological actions of the four extracts were investigated. The HP showed strong O 2 À and OH scavenging capacities (IC 50 values of 6.3 g/ml and 1.1 g/ml respectively), as well as selective prolyl endopeptidase inhibition (IC 50 of 60 g/ml). The active constituents appeared to be procyanidins.Key words: Crataegus pinnatifida; HPLC; procyanidin; antioxidant; free radicalsIn Europe, standardized extracts of the leaves and flowers of Crataegus oxyacantha and Crataegus monogyna are used in the therapy for moderate (NYHA II) congestive heart failure. 1,2) These extracts exert several pharmacological and clinical effects, such as antiischemia/reperfusion-injury, anti-arrhythmic, hypolipidemic, and hypotensive effects. 1,2) Flavonoids and procyanidins are considered to be the two main active constituents. 2) Species of Chinese hawthorn, particularly Crataegus pinnatifida and Crataegus pinnatifida Bge. var. major NE Br., have also been used as herbal medicines. 2,3) Studies indicate that Chinese hawthorn extracts have beneficial effects, such as antioxidant, 4,5) anti-inflammatory, 6) and hypolipidemic effects, 7) as well as protective effects on the brain and vascular endothelium 8,9) and endothelium-dependent relaxation. 10) Recently, we analyzed 37 major cultivars of Chinese hawthorn using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and found that procyanidins, which were present in high concentrations, were the main phenolic active constituents in these fruits. 11) In general, the hawthorn found in China is an edible fruit that is popular for its special acidic taste. It is bigger than its European counterpart. Since the content of organic acid in Chinese hawthorn fruits can be up to 5% (fresh weight), they are used to produce various foods, such as jams, jellies, juices, tinned foods, wines, and various sweet foods. However, the high sugar content of these fruits counteracts the benefits of polyphenols for consumers of advanced age or for those who suffer from hypertension, cardiovascular disease, or diabetes. Hence, it is desirable to separate the polyphenol and sugar components. Previously, hawthorn extract (HE) for medical applications were ethanol-extracted from the dried fruit of the Chinese hawthorn. 12) These crude extracts contain many undesirable substances, such as carbohydrates, organic acids, and moisture, which not only reduce the concentration of acti...

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“…In order to eliminate excess free radicals, antioxidants must be used to preserve the balance between oxidation and reduction in vivo, thereby preventing the development of diseases. Studies have found that natural antioxidants such as hawthorn flavonoids, green tea polyphenols, resveratrol and the traditional Chinese medicine prescription Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BYHWD) are effective in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebral diseases [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] .…”

Section: Use Of Natural Antioxidants In the Prevention And Treatment mentioning

confidence: 99%

Free Radicals, the Natural Antioxidant Buyang Huanwu Decoction and Ischemic Stroke

Mao

2015

International Journal of Neurology Research

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INTRODUCTIONOxygen free radicals (OFR) are molecules containing one or more unpaired valence electrons, which makes it highly unstable, and result in the strong reaction and oxidation of DNA and lipids. OFR, including superoxide anion (O2 . -), hydroxyl radical ( . OH), nitric oxide (NO.) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) are related to many neurological diseases and brain dysfunction. However, the presence of OFR is also crucial for electron transfer in the mitochondrial respiratory chain, the immune response and cell differentiation and growth. For instance, the NO free radical plays a key role in the relaxation of blood vessels, blood pressure regulation and during learning and memorization. Nevertheless, excessive free radicals can initiate lipid peroxidation and result in protein oxidation and DNA damage in cells, and are often implicated in diseases with high mortality rates, including cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, cancer and neurodegenerative diseases [1][2][3][4] . FREE RADICALS AND ISCHEMIC STROKEStroke can be divided into ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, with ischemic stroke being far more prevalent. There are generally only two treatments for ischemic stroke: increasing blood flow in order to improve oxygen and glucose uptake in the arteries, or protecting neurons in order to reduce the likelihood of brain ischemia and neuronal excitotoxicity. Neuroprotectants commonly used in clinical treatment include calcium channel blockers, glutamate receptor antagonists and N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor (NMDA) antagonists. Research has shown that oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia and that excessive ROS is produced during cerebral ischemia and ABSTRACTIschemic stroke is a widespread health issue worldwide, and a major cause of death and disability in an aging population. Research shows that reactive oxygen and free radicals generated by oxidative stress play an important role in cell apoptosis and often leads to stroke, one of the main causes of brain damage. Excessive free radicals also cause lipid peroxidation, leading to irreversible damage to cell membranes. The presence of free radical scavengers provides protection to brain tissues and can reduce the risk of stroke. Natural antioxidants have proved to be effective in the prevention and treatment of stroke, while also displaying fewer side effects. Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BYHWD), a traditional Chinese medicine prescription is commonly used for the prevention and treatment of ischemic cerebral stroke by inhibiting the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Understanding the role of free radicals and the mechanisms by which natural antioxidants are used for the prevention and treatment of stroke can provide new insight into the research and clinical treatment of ischemic stroke. © 2015 ACT. All rights reserved. International Journal of Neurology Researchreperfusion [1] . Studies have also suggested that oxidative stress and damage caused by free radicals lead are key factors for triggerin...

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Oral administration of Crataegus flavonoids protects against ischemia/reperfusion brain damage in gerbils

Cited by 76 publications

References 36 publications

Effects of U83836E on nerve functions, hyperalgesia and oxidative stress in experimental diabetic neuropathy

Effects of U83836E on nerve functions, hyperalgesia and oxidative stress in experimental diabetic neuropathy

Polyphenolic Content and Physiological Activities of Chinese Hawthorn Extracts

Free Radicals, the Natural Antioxidant Buyang Huanwu Decoction and Ischemic Stroke

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