Oral administration of the Levels of Emotional Awareness Scale

Roberton, Terri; Daffern, Michael; Bucks, Romola S.

doi:10.1111/ajpy.12018

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The LEAS was administered orally by trained interviewers and audio-recorded. Roberton et al (2020) found no difference between the LEAS scores in dependence on the administration mode (oral vs. written). The interviewers were instructed not to ask follow-up questions (e.g., “But how would you feel?” in case of reported thoughts) or reinforce patients’ responses in any manner.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 67%

Measuring Emotional Awareness in Patients With Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Disorders

et al. 2021

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The ability to mentalize (i.e., to form representations of mental states and processes of oneself and others) is often impaired in people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Emotional awareness (EA) represents one aspect of affective mentalizing and can be assessed with the Levels of Emotional Awareness Scale (LEAS), but findings regarding individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders are inconsistent. The present study aimed at examining the usability and convergent validity of the LEAS in a sample of N = 130 stabilized outpatients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorders. An adequacy rating was added to the conventional LEAS rating to account for distortions of content due to, for example, delusional thinking. Scores of the patient group were compared with those of a matched healthy control sample. Correlation with symptom clusters, a self-report measure of EA, a measure of synthetic metacognition (MAS-A-G), and an expert rating capturing EA from the psychodynamic perspective of psychic structure (OPD-LSIA) were examined. Regarding self-related emotional awareness, patients did not score lower than controls neither in terms of conventional LEAS nor in terms of adequacy. Regarding other-related emotional awareness, however, patients showed a reduced level of adequacy compared to controls whereas no such difference was found for conventional LEAS scores. Higher conventional LEAS scores were associated with fewer negative symptoms, and higher structural integration of self-perceptions measured by the OPD-LSIA. Higher adequacy of responses correlated with fewer symptoms of disorganization as well as excitement, higher scores of self-reflection on the MAS-A-G as well as self- and object-perception and internal and external communication as measured by the subscales of the OPD-LSIA. Findings suggest that the LEAS might not be sensitive enough to detect differences between mildly symptomatic patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorders and healthy controls. However, LEAS ratings are still suitable to track intraindividual changes in EA over time. Observing the adequacy of patients’ responses when using the LEAS may be a promising way to increase diagnostical utility and to identify patterns of formal and content-related alterations of mentalizing in this patient group. Methodological indications for future studies are discussed.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 67%

Measuring Emotional Awareness in Patients With Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Disorders

et al. 2021

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“…Oral administration has been shown to be a reliable option when there are literacy limitations in a study’s sample (Catania et al, 1990). A previous study that compared methods (written vs. oral) of administration of another psychological measure found no significant differences in their internal reliability and statistical equivalence (Roberton et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…To our knowledge, oral administration of these measures has not been previously validated. However, prior research with other psychological measures indicated that method of administration (written vs. oral) does not affect general test performance in adults (Roberton, Daffern, & Bucks, 2013).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Predicting Sexual Offenders’ Specialization/Versatility: The Role of Impulsivity and Moral Reasoning

2019

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The main purpose of this exploratory study was to examine the predictive ability of impulsivity and moral reasoning on offending specialization/versatility. The latter was measured using the diversity index which calculates the amount of variation within an individual’s criminal history. The sample consisted of 88 individuals convicted of sexual offenses incarcerated in a Portuguese prison. Group comparisons and multiple linear regression analyses on untransformed and corrected versions of the diversity index were conducted. Overall, the different versions of the diversity index presented disparate results. Individuals were found to be generally alike, but those convicted of rape tended to be more versatile than those who molested extrafamilial children. Moral reasoning was the strongest predictor of offending specialization/versatility, while impulsivity was mostly not statistically significant. A better understanding of these predictors’ roles on offending specialization/versatility, as it relates to recidivism, is important to tailor successful interventions.

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“…In certain contexts, a participant's ability to write or type may not adequately capture their ability to conceptualize and describe emotion. An oral version was developed for use in prisoners and found to correlate adequately with the written version (Roberton et al 2013). Further study is needed to determine if the social context of oral administration systematically affects scores in certain contexts (e.g., social phobia or other psychopathology).…”

Section: Description Of the Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

Levels of Emotional Awareness: Theory and Measurement of a Socio-Emotional Skill

Lane

Smith

2021

J. Intell.

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Emotional awareness is the ability to conceptualize and describe one’s own emotions and those of others. Over thirty years ago, a cognitive-developmental theory of emotional awareness patterned after Piaget’s theory of cognitive development was created as well as a performance measure of this ability called the Levels of Emotional Awareness Scale (LEAS). Since then, a large number of studies have been completed in healthy volunteers and clinical populations including those with mental health or systemic medical disorders. Along the way, there have also been further refinements and adaptations of the LEAS such as the creation of a digital version in addition to further advances in the theory itself. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the evolving theoretical background, measurement methods, and empirical findings with the LEAS. The LEAS is a reliable and valid measure of emotional awareness. Evidence suggests that emotional awareness facilitates better emotion self-regulation, better ability to navigate complex social situations and enjoy relationships, and better physical and mental health. This is a relatively new but promising area of research in the domain of socio-emotional skills. The paper concludes with some recommendations for future research.

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Oral administration of the Levels of Emotional Awareness Scale

Cited by 11 publications

References 40 publications

Measuring Emotional Awareness in Patients With Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Disorders

Measuring Emotional Awareness in Patients With Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Disorders

Predicting Sexual Offenders’ Specialization/Versatility: The Role of Impulsivity and Moral Reasoning

Levels of Emotional Awareness: Theory and Measurement of a Socio-Emotional Skill

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