Oral and maxillofacial lesions in older individuals and associated factors: A retrospective analysis of cases retrieved in two different services

Abstract

BackgroundStudies on the oral and maxillofacial lesions (OMLs) in older people usually assess data of laboratory services and data from oral medicine clinic have been poorly described. The aim of this study was to describe and to compare OMLs in older individuals considering two data sources, besides to assess associated factors with the three most frequent lesions.Material and MethodsA retrospective study was conducted with individuals aged 60 years or older. Data of individuals and lesions reported in both services were collected. Univariate analysis was used to test the association between the occurrence of the lesion and the independent variables. The level of significance was set at 5%.ResultsA total of 1,695 (37.3%) records were from the Oral Medicine clinic and 2,848 (62.7%) from the Laboratory service. Inflammatory/reactive lesion group was the most frequent in both services (40.4% in Oral Medicine Clinic and in 44.2% Laboratory). The second and third groups of lesions in the Oral Medicine clinic were infectious diseases (18.5%), and variations of normality (10.8%), while in the laboratorial service were the malignant neoplasms (17.6%) and potentially malignant disorders (13.3%). Differences between services regarding the frequency of lesion groups occurred (p<0.05), except for pigmented (p=0.054) and infectious (p=0.054) groups. Females (OR: 2.08; CI: 1.81–2.39) and individuals who wore a removable prosthesis (OR: 3.99; CI: 2.83–5.62) were also likely to have inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia. Old–old individuals (OR: 1.70; CI: 1.30–2.21), male (OR: 3.63; CI: 3.00–4.39), smoking (OR: 6.05; CI: 4.84–7.56) or alcohol use (OR: 3.95; CI: 3.12–5.01) were likely to have squamous cell carcinoma.ConclusionsThe results showed different frequencies of OMLs in older individuals according to the data sources and age group. The findings are important to direct public policies for this age group. Key words:Oral medicine, laboratory service, older adult, oral diagnosis, oral and maxillofacial pathology.

Analysis of 358 histopathological reports of oral and maxillofacial lesions in elderly patients from Tanzania: a cross-sectional study

“…The aging population is becoming a public health concern, especially in developing countries 17 . The elderly are susceptible to noncommunicable diseases, including those involving the orofacial region 1 , 2 , 17 . In this group, the vulnerability to orofacial diseases may be attributed to aging-related changes in the tissues and the immune response 18 .…”

“…With aging, an individual becomes vulnerable to several diseases including those involving the orofacial region 1 , 2 . This vulnerability to orofacial lesions has led to a rise in interest in the oral health of this population and hence an increase in epidemiological surveys in this age group 2 , 3 .…”

Histopathological Typing and Topographic Distribution of Head and Neck Lesions: An Eight Year Retrospective Study

“…5 Contradictory results by other studies were also found presenting the greatest number of inflammatory lesions. 25,26 Among all biopsies, a wide variety of benign lesions were recognized. The most frequent was goiter (60%), common in the age range of 41-50 years with female predominance.…”

Prevalência de lesões bucais em tecidos mole e duro diagnosticadas em idosos em um serviço histopatológico de referência

“…Percebeu-se que a HFI teve acometimento em diversos sítios da cavidade oral, sendo que a mucosa jugal e o palato duro foram os mais prevalentes. Em seguida, o carcinoma espinocelular foi a segunda lesão mais frequente, semelhante ao que foi encontrado por Fonseca et al 25 .…”

“…A presença de lesões potencialmente malignas como: leucoplasia (5,96 %), queilite actínica (2,55%) e eritroplasia (0,85%) diagnosticadas com a presença ou não de displasia epitelial, ressalta a importância do acompanhamento pelo cirurgião dentista e colaboração do paciente para um melhor prognóstico do tratamento. Neste estudo, a leucoplasia configura entre as três lesões mais frequentes, concordando com Rohini et al 11 e Fonseca et al 25 . Esta lesão cancerizável muitas vezes não é detectada ou a biópsia é negligenciada e em grande parte desses casos podem evoluir para um carcinoma.…”