Oral cavity-derived stem cells and preclinical models of jaw-bone defects for bone tissue engineering

Abstract

Background Jaw-bone defects caused by various diseases lead to aesthetic and functional complications, which can seriously affect the life quality of patients. Current treatments cannot fully meet the needs of reconstruction of jaw-bone defects. Thus, the research and application of bone tissue engineering are a “hot topic.” As seed cells for engineering of jaw-bone tissue, oral cavity-derived stem cells have been explored and used widely. Models of jaw-bone defect are excellent tools for the study of bone defect repair in vivo. Different types of bone defect repair require different stem cells and bone defect models. This review aimed to better understand the research status of oral and maxillofacial bone regeneration. Main text Data were gathered from PubMed searches and references from relevant studies using the search phrases “bone” AND (“PDLSC” OR “DPSC” OR “SCAP” OR “GMSC” OR “SHED” OR “DFSC” OR “ABMSC” OR “TGPC”); (“jaw” OR “alveolar”) AND “bone defect.” We screened studies that focus on “bone formation of oral cavity-derived stem cells” and “jaw bone defect models,” and reviewed the advantages and disadvantages of oral cavity-derived stem cells and preclinical model of jaw-bone defect models. Conclusion The type of cell and animal model should be selected according to the specific research purpose and disease type. This review can provide a foundation for the selection of oral cavity-derived stem cells and defect models in tissue engineering of the jaw bone.

Research progress in cell therapy for oral diseases: focus on cell sources and strategies to optimize cell function

“…Another experiment investigated the effect of dexamethasone combined with DPSCs on peri-implant inflammation in diabetic Beagle dogs. Following treatment with dexamethasone spray combined with DPSCs, the bone height of the proximal and distal margins of the implants increased, the contents of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in the gum crevicular fluid were significantly reduced, and the level of TGF-β3 significantly increased, which may be related to the reduction of the content of inflammatory factors and the upregulated level of TGF-β3 ( Zhao et al, 2023 ).…”

SIRT1 activation promotes bone repair by enhancing the coupling of type H vessel formation and osteogenesis

“…Bone defects can arise from infection, tumour resection, or traumatic injury, potentially having serious consequences, including fractures and deformities. 1 , 2 Extensive segmental defects compromise the normal biomechanical function of the bone structure, threatening the structural stability of the bone. 3 Currently, autologous bone grafting, distraction osteogenesis, and exogenous regeneration are the most commonly used treatments for bone defects.…”

Human dental pulp stem/stromal cells in clinical practice

“…These cells express mesenchymal stem cell markers such as CD13, CD29, CD73, CD90, CD106, CD146, and Stro-1. However, they do not express hematopoietic stem cell markers such as CD34, CD45, and CD11b[ 3 ].…”