Oral Contraceptive Use and Breast Cancer: A Prospective Study of Young Women

Hunter, David J.; Colditz, Graham A.; Hankinson, Susan E.; Malspeis, Susan; Spiegelman, Donna; Chen, Wendy; Stampfer, Meir J.; Willett, Walter C.

doi:10.1158/1055-9965.epi-10-0747

Cited by 170 publications

(140 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Regarding other HC use, the results are mainly in line with previous research, with an elevated BC risk especially among the young women. A large prospective study of women aged 24-43 years concluded that current HC use carries an excess risk of BC [12]. Correspondingly, a casecontrol study by Rosenberg et al [13] suggested a positive association between current HC use and risk of BC, more specifically in cases diagnosed in the recent years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of exogenous hormones and the risk of breast cancer: results from self-reported survey data with validity assessment

Heikkinen

Koskenvuo

Malila

et al. 2015

Cancer Causes Control

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Purpose Main aim was to estimate the association between use of exogenous hormones and breast cancer (BC) risk in a large population-based survey, and to assess the representativeness and overall validity of the data. Methods The survey 'Women's Health and Use of Hormones' was conducted in Finland in 2009, including 7,000 BC cases and 20,000 matched population controls. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios and their 95 % confidence interval. For validation, exposure prevalences were compared with population data from Statistics Finland and two large population-based surveys. Results We found positive associations with BC risk and exclusive use of hormone-releasing intrauterine device (HR IUD) in postmenopausal women (1.48, 95 % CI 1.10-1.99), when compared to never-users of any hormonal contraceptive and considering only prediagnostic use in cases. Regarding use of other hormonal contraceptives (HC), a positive association between long HC use (C2 years) and BC was observed in both groups, OR being 1.37 (95 % CI 1.12-1.68) for premenopausal and 1.11 (95 % CI 1.03-1.20) for postmenopausal women, when compared to never-users of other HC. Conclusions Observed association between HR IUD use and risk of BC in postmenopausal women is worrying and deserves further attention. Selection bias seemed not to explain this result. Considering the increasing popularity of HR IUD use in, e.g., USA, impact of possible adverse effects in public health could be significant.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prospective Nurses' Health Study II concluded with a positive association between oral contraceptive use and the risk of BC [12], as did a case-control study in 2008 [13]. On the other hand, no increase in BC risk was found in a population-based case-control study [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Use of exogenous hormones and the risk of breast cancer: results from self-reported survey data with validity assessment

Heikkinen

Koskenvuo

Malila

et al. 2015

Cancer Causes Control

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“…This risk mainly concerns women of high risk group; f. ex. genetically loaded ones (Burkman et al, 2004;Hunter et al, 2010). The analysis of our research showed remarkable differences between Polish and Belgian students in individual knowledge on the effect of oral contraception to bring forth a breast cancer (p<0.000001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…The majority of the interrogated students of Medical University of Lublin (93.7%) favor an opinion that oral contraception can give rise to breast cancer, which did not share a half smaller group (46.7%) of KATHO students. The research showed a little higher risk for a cancerous disease to appear in women using oral contraception (Hunter et al, 2010). The research suggests the breast feeding to be one of the simplest and at the same time an effective way of protection against breast cancer; however, no sufficiently valid proof of a protective effect of this factor has been found so far (Collaborative Group on Hormonal Factors in Breast Cancer, 2002;Lodha et al, 2011;do Carmo França-Botelho et al, 2012;Faupel-Badger et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Midwifery Student Preparation for Performing the Role of Breast Cancer Educator

Bień¹,

Korżyńska-Piętas²,

Iwanowicz-Palus³

2014

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

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Relations between opposing characteristics were tested with Chi-square (x 2 ) test for independent traits. To assess the dependence relation between the examined variables Pearson's corrected coefficient was used. Data base and statistics were carried out with computer software STATISTICA 9.0 (StatSoftPoland). Conclusions: Student knowledge on prevention against breast cancer was unsatisfactory.The students place of residence determined their self-estimation of personal knowledge of breast cancer prevention and diagnosing methods to assess the incidence of the disease, this knowledge being better with the students of Lublin. Better self-estimation in the students of Lublin of their personal knowledge on factors rising the risk of breast cancer, such as alimentation method, application of oral contraceptives and breast feeding was found than in Belgian students.

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“…and selectively blocks estrogen-mediated receptors in rats [7]. Moreover, the use of synthetic steroidal contraceptives has proven unsafe to the health of the user as they pose risk of side effects [8][9][10]. …”

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confidence: 99%

A Comparative Study between Xylopia aethiopica Dried Fruit Extract and Ibuprofen Inhibiting Effects on Some Reproductive Hormones Irrespective of the Estrous Cycle

Onuka

Okechukwu

Maxine

2017

IJCAM

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Ibuprofen is often used for contraception, therefore, Xylopia aethiopica dried fruit extract and ibuprofen were tested on follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), glucocorticoid, progesterone and estrogen levels in adult female rats in order to determine whether Xylopia aethiopica dried fruit extract can be used for contraception. Twenty one rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 7) comprising of control group A, experimental Group B and C. The experimental Group B received 180 mg/kg of ibuprofen daily and experimental Group C received 300 mg/kg of Xylopia aethiopica dried fruit extract. All administration of drug and extract was done via oral route and lasted for 14 days independent of estrous cycle. Using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay the serum FSH, LH, glucocorticoid, progesterone and estrogen in both extract and ibuprofen treated rats were measured. Results showed that ibuprofen caused significant reduction of FSH (P<0.05). The extract did not cause significant difference in the serum FSH level. Both ibuprofen and extract caused significant reduction (P<0.05) in the serum LH levels. Both ibuprofen and extract caused significant elevation (P< 0.05) in glucocorticoid level. However, the extract caused significant reduction (P<0.05) in the serum progesterone and estrogen levels respectively compared to ibuprofen. In that sense, Xylopia aethiopica dried fruit extract acted as a more potent contraceptive, inhibitor of ovulatory hormones than ibuprofen. and selectively blocks estrogen-mediated receptors in rats [7]. Moreover, the use of synthetic steroidal contraceptives has proven unsafe to the health of the user as they pose risk of side effects [8][9][10]. Keywords:In Africa, traditional methods of contraception are on the increase and have been increasingly sought for in herbal plants because herbs are effective, cheap and safe [11] [16,17]. Meanwhile, in ancient times, women drank extracted water from Xylopia aethiopica as a natural method of contraception that became part of Igbo folklore and this led to the present research work. The plant, Xylopia aethiopica commonly known as "Uda" in Igbo language, "Eeru alamo" in Yoruba language and "Chimba" in Hausa language is a tropical evergreen, aromatic plant that grows commonly in wet swampy soils and forest zones of West Africa characterized with a slim tall tree of about 15 -30 m tall and 0.6 -0.7 m in diameter, straight stem, slightly stripped or smooth bark with consistent pepperish aroma with dry brown, corrugated in shape with pods containing 4 -9 kidney shaped peppery seeds about 0.05 m in length [18,19].However, antifertility effect of Xylopia aethiopica have been demonstrated in male rats [20,21]. In another study unpublished, we demonstrated that Xylopia aethiopica dried fruit extract caused alteration in luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and glucocorticoid hormone during proestrus phase of clomiphene-treated rats. Because Xylopia aethiopica have analgesic properties and can be used in t...

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Oral Contraceptive Use and Breast Cancer: A Prospective Study of Young Women

Cited by 170 publications

References 26 publications

Use of exogenous hormones and the risk of breast cancer: results from self-reported survey data with validity assessment

Use of exogenous hormones and the risk of breast cancer: results from self-reported survey data with validity assessment

Assessment of Midwifery Student Preparation for Performing the Role of Breast Cancer Educator

A Comparative Study between Xylopia aethiopica Dried Fruit Extract and Ibuprofen Inhibiting Effects on Some Reproductive Hormones Irrespective of the Estrous Cycle

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