Oral Contraceptives and Thyroid Function Tests: The Diagnosis of Thyroid Disease

Winikoff, Dora

doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1971.tb88041.x

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In this investigation, administration of ethinyl estradiol alone or of a combination of norethindrone and mestranol significantly increased the FTI derived from the RSU, as reported by other workers who have found a higher mean value of the FTI in women taking OCs (5,9). The FTI determined by the TBG fell well within the range for healthy control women, however.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Sex Steroids and Thyroid Function Tests: The Role of Estrogen and Progestogen

Miyamoto

1978

International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics

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Thyroid functions were evaluated in 102 women by comparing changes during administration of estrogen, progestogen and a combination of estrogen and progestogen. Total thyroxine (T4) concentrations were significantly elevated in women receiving estrogen and estrogen‐progestogen. Parallel increases of total triiodothyronine (T3) were observed in women in the estrogen groups, except for those receiving conjugated estrogen. The use of estrogens resulted in decreased T3 resin uptake values and increased thyroxine‐binding globulin (TBG) capacity levels, thus showing the negative correlation between these determinations. In the ethinyl estradiol and mestranol‐norethindrone groups, the free thyroxine index (FTI), calculated by dividing the total T4 by the total TBG, fell within normal ranges. No significant changes of total T4, total T3, T3 resin uptake, TBG capacity and FTI values were noted in women taking progestogen. Serum levels of thyroid‐stimulating hormone were normal in women taking estrogen and/or progestogen.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Sex Steroids and Thyroid Function Tests: The Role of Estrogen and Progestogen

Miyamoto

1978

International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics

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“…The women with a past history of abortion (Group 2), demonstrated a distinct lag in showing this change, not showing it in all parameters until 14 weeks of pregnancy. Most of the patients in this group were treated with progesterone but we believe it has no effect on thyroid function tests (Winikoff, 1968). Most patients in Group 2 eventually attained the characteristic thyroid function test profile of pregnancy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…There is a rise in TBG, T,I and EI while T3U is lowered. FTI and DTR remain in the normal nonpregnant range (Winikoff, 1971). These changes are induced by greatly increased output of oestrogen.…”

Section: Malvina Malinek Research Biochemist Ewen Downie Metabolic Umentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Thiiodothyronine-resin uptake (T3U), and electrophoretic index (EI) were measured by methods previously described (Winikoff, 1968 and1971). Electrophoretic index was expressed as a percentage uptake of added radiothyroxine bound to (a1-a2) globulin area after electrophoretic separation (Taylor and Winikoff, 1968).…”

Section: Malvina Malinek Research Biochemist Ewen Downie Metabolic Umentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Predictive Value of Thyroid “Test Profile” in Habitual Abortion

Winikoff¹,

Malinek²

1975

BJOG

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Summary A characteristic thyroid test profile is observed in pregnancy; it consists of an elevated serum thyroxine (TJ), thyroxine binding globulin (TBG) and electro‐phoretic index (EI) with lowered triiodothyronine resin uptake (T3U), the free thyroxine index (FTI) remaining in the normal range. An investigation was made of progressive changes in these parameters in 70 normal pregnant women, 34 pregnant women with a past history of habitual abortion who carried to term, seven habitual aborters who miscarried again, and 49 women at the time of spontaneous miscarriage. The results indicated that normal women reached a typical pregnancy thyroid test profile at seven to eight weeks' gestation while habitual aborters carrying a pregnancy to term reached it at 14 to I5 weeks and almost all patients who miscarried never reached it at all. In addition, four women who had aborted previously and were treated with thyroxine throughout six pregnancies, developed a normal “thyroid profile” and carried their pregnancy to term. The significance of the “predictive value” of the test profile is discussed.

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Endocrine Effects of Combined Oral Contraceptive Preparations

Briggs

1981

Reproduction and Development

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Oral Contraceptives and Thyroid Function Tests: The Diagnosis of Thyroid Disease

Cited by 3 publications

References 9 publications

Sex Steroids and Thyroid Function Tests: The Role of Estrogen and Progestogen

Sex Steroids and Thyroid Function Tests: The Role of Estrogen and Progestogen

The Predictive Value of Thyroid “Test Profile” in Habitual Abortion

Endocrine Effects of Combined Oral Contraceptive Preparations

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