1996
DOI: 10.1016/s0167-5699(96)30065-0
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Oral cytokine administration

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Cited by 77 publications
(34 citation statements)
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“…Regarding the attempt to develop very low-dose cytokine administration, this choice is in accordance with data of literature, suggesting that low doses of cytokines are adequate in many different models [22]; the low-dose effects in these models strongly suggest the induction of a secondary mode of action, perhaps the induction of cytokine secretion in cells other than the ones directly stimulated by the administered cytokines. For example, in vivo experiments of low-dose interferon-α treatment have been described in many animal species [11]; such a treatment was shown to induce dramatic clinical amelioration in models of both infectious and chronic inflammatory diseases [42].…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 73%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Regarding the attempt to develop very low-dose cytokine administration, this choice is in accordance with data of literature, suggesting that low doses of cytokines are adequate in many different models [22]; the low-dose effects in these models strongly suggest the induction of a secondary mode of action, perhaps the induction of cytokine secretion in cells other than the ones directly stimulated by the administered cytokines. For example, in vivo experiments of low-dose interferon-α treatment have been described in many animal species [11]; such a treatment was shown to induce dramatic clinical amelioration in models of both infectious and chronic inflammatory diseases [42].…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 73%
“…Systemic administration is not an efficient way to deliver cytokines to specific inductive sites, while administration of cytokines via the oral route offers an exciting alternative to systemic application, for ease of dispensation. Increasing evidence suggests that oral administration of certain cytokines is not only safe and effective, but also avoids the deleterious consequences of systemic administration, retaining sufficient biological activity to effect immunomodulatory functions beyond the local mucosa [22]. [5], IFN-γ is thought to be critically involved in down-modulating Th2 cell-driven asthma.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These results also suggest that combination therapy of other autoantigens along with one or more regulatory Th2 cytokines given orally to enhance protection may represent an important new strategy in the prevention of autoimmune diseases through a form of forced manipulation of antigen-specific Th1:Th2 T cell populations (28). In contrast to systemic delivery of IL-4, which leads to numerous side effects in humans (29), oral IL-4 seemed to be well tolerated in mice. The efficacy of oral human IL-4 to induce protection in patients without systemic adverse effects remains to be tested, but these data would support this approach.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 93%
“…The oral administration of cytokines for therapies has been suggested (29). Type I IFN has been shown to resist digestive enzymes present in the gut (29).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Oral administration of cytokines has been recognized to be safe and effective for modulating immune responses in the treatment of inflammatory, autoimmune, and allergic disorders (Rollwagen and Baqar 1996). In an experimental allergic encephalomyelitis model, the effect of orally fed IL-10 was previously examined using myelin basic protein (MBP) as a model antigen.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%