Oral extracellular vesicles in early pregnancy can identify patients at risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus

Monteiro, Lara J.; Varas-Godoy, Manuel; Monckeberg, Max; Realini, Ornella; Hernández, Marcela; Rice, Gregory E.; Romero, Roberto; Saavedra, José F.; Illanes, Sebastián E.; Chaparro, Alejandra

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0218616

Cited by 32 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…MMPs also participate in important functions during gestation including trophoblast invasion, embryo implantation, and decidual development, and have been implicated in the pathophysiology of recurrent pregnancy loss and preterm prelabour rupture of membranes 28‐30 . Within the past few years, we have been studying oral fluids, and specifically gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), as a suitable source for potential biomarkers for early prediction of pregnancy diseases, because it seems concentrates placental derived molecules which could be collected in a simple, convenient, minimally‐invasive, and optimal manner by a so‐called chair‐side point‐of‐care technology 31‐34 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early pregnancy levels of gingival crevicular fluid matrix metalloproteinases‐8 and ‐9 are associated with the severity of periodontitis and the development of gestational diabetes mellitus

Chaparro

Realini

Hernández

et al. 2020

Journal of Periodontology

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Background Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is increasing worldwide and women with a history of GDM are at risk of developing type 2 diabetes which is a risk factor for periodontitis. The aim of this study was to explore the association between the concentrations of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐8 and ‐9 in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) during early pregnancy with the periodontal diagnosis and the risk of GDM development. Methods A prospective cohort study, including 314 women, enrolled at 11 to 14 weeks of pregnancy was conducted. A complete maternal/obstetric and periodontal exam was performed, and GCF samples were obtained for the MMP‐8 and ‐9 determination by Multiplex Elisa Assays. Mann‐Whitney test; Spearman's correlation and log‐binomial regression model estimated the association between MMPs concentration in GCF and GDM. Results Fourteen percent of the pregnancies were diagnosed with GDM. An increase in the concentration of MMP‐8 and ‐9 in women with periodontitis stage III and IV compared to periodontitis stage I was observed (99.31 ng/mL [IQR: 85.32] versus 71.95 ng/mL [IQR: 54.04], and 262.4 ng/mL [IQR: 312.55] versus 114.1 ng/mL [IQR: 184.94], respectively). Women who developed GDM showed increased concentrations of MMP‐8 and ‐9 in GCF since the beginning of pregnancy (P = 0.0381; P = 0.0302, respectively). MMP‐8 concentration in GCF was associated with GDM (RR: 1.19; P = 0.045; CI 95% 1.00 to 1.40; and RR: 1.20; P = 0.063; CI 95% 0.99 to 1.45 in the adjusted model). Conclusion(s) GCF concentrations of MMP‐8 and ‐9 at early of pregnancy are increased in women with severe periodontitis and associated with the GDM development.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early pregnancy levels of gingival crevicular fluid matrix metalloproteinases‐8 and ‐9 are associated with the severity of periodontitis and the development of gestational diabetes mellitus

Chaparro

Realini

Hernández

et al. 2020

Journal of Periodontology

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“…As for EVs, EVs might also become new early diagnostic biomarkers for GDM. Total EVs isolated from gingival crevicular fluid were significantly higher in patients who developed GDM later in pregnancy compared to normoglycemic pregnant women; the concentration of extracellular vesicles delivered an area under the ROC curve of 0.81 ( 125 ). The miRNAs from EVs are suggested to be new biomarkers for the early diagnosis of GDM.…”

Section: Clinical Significance Of Non-coding Rnas and Evs For Gdmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Coding RNAs and Extracellular Vehicles: Their Role in the Pathogenesis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

et al. 2021

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Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as glucose intolerance with onset or first recognition in the second or third trimester of pregnancy. GDM has a considerable impact on health outcomes of the mother and offspring during pregnancy, delivery, and beyond. Although the exact mechanism regarding GDM remains unclear, numerous studies have suggested that non-coding RNAs, including long non-coding (lnc)RNAs, microRNAs, and circular RNAs, were involved in the pathogenesis of GDM in which they played vital regulatory roles. Additionally, several studies have revealed that extracellular vehicles also participated in the pathogenesis of GDM, highlighting their important role in this disease. Considering the lack of effective biomarkers for the early identification of and specific treatment for GDM, non-coding RNAs and extracellular vehicles may be promising biomarkers and even targets for GDM therapies. This review provides an update on our understanding of the role of non-coding RNAs and extracellular vehicles in GDM. As our understanding of the function of lncRNAs and extracellular vehicles improves, the future appears promising for their use as potential biomarkers and treatment targets for GDM in clinical practice.

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“…PLAP ratio is lower in GDM than normal pregnancy even though both placental exosomes and total exosomes are higher in GDM, which implies that there are changes in the number of exosomes released from the placenta, increased release of exosomes from non‐placental sources or a combination of both. Interestingly, Monteiro et al demonstrate that gingival crevicular fluid‐derived EVs can distinguish patients at risk of GDM. At 11‐14 weeks of gestation, the concentration of oral EVs is higher in asymptomatic women compared to controls with an AUC value of 0.81.…”

Section: Evs As Biomarkers For Pregnancy‐related Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular vesicles in normal pregnancy and pregnancy‐related diseases

Zhang

Fan

et al. 2020

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized, membranous vesicles released by almost all types of cells. Extracellular vesicles can be classified into distinct subtypes according to their sizes, origins and functions. Extracellular vesicles play important roles in intercellular communication through the transfer of a wide spectrum of bioactive molecules, contributing to the regulation of diverse physiological and pathological processes. Recently, it has been established that EVs mediate foetal-maternal communication across gestation. Abnormal changes in EVs have been reported to be critically involved in pregnancy-related diseases. Moreover, EVs have shown great potential to serve as biomarkers for the diagnosis of pregnancy-related diseases.In this review, we discussed about the roles of EVs in normal pregnancy and how changes in EVs led to complicated pregnancy with an emphasis on their values in predicting and monitoring of pregnancy-related diseases.

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Oral extracellular vesicles in early pregnancy can identify patients at risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus

Cited by 32 publications

References 47 publications

Early pregnancy levels of gingival crevicular fluid matrix metalloproteinases‐8 and ‐9 are associated with the severity of periodontitis and the development of gestational diabetes mellitus

Early pregnancy levels of gingival crevicular fluid matrix metalloproteinases‐8 and ‐9 are associated with the severity of periodontitis and the development of gestational diabetes mellitus

Non-Coding RNAs and Extracellular Vehicles: Their Role in the Pathogenesis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Extracellular vesicles in normal pregnancy and pregnancy‐related diseases

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