Oral health among prisoners of District Jail, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India - A cross-sectional study

Abstract

Aim: Prisoners are at risk from a range of health related problems, caused by a number of factors. This study was conducted to assess the impact of incarceration on oral health among the prisoners of Haridwar District Jail, Uttarakhand state. Material and method: A total of 573 inmates (534 males and 39 females) comprised the total study population. Oral health was examined with the Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth (DMFT) index, and by measuring pocket depth (PD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL). Results: The age of the study participants ranged between 18 to 90 years with a mean age of 46.14 ± 15.29 years. The overall mean DMFT score was 5.40±6.49, with a prevalence of 77%. A significant difference (P=0.001) was found when the mean score of DMFT was compared to the period of incarceration, where the highest mean score was 6.97±7.69 for 5-10 years. Discussion: There was a significant difference found for DMFT among inmates based on a period of incarceration. Gender and period of incarceration had no significant impact on the severity of periodontal diseases among jail inmates. Longitudinal studies are required to find out the causal association between incarceration and oral health. Comprehensive and timely oral health care is required for this vulnerable population. Conclusion: The level of oral disease among jail inmates was high. There was a significant difference for DMFT among inmates based on the period of incarceration.

Oral Health Status and Oral Health Related Quality of Life Among Prisoners in Central Prison of Nellore District - A Cross Sectional Study

“…The mean DMFT of present study was 2.6, which was similar to a study done by Uma SR et al 7[7] where it was 2.8. The mean DMFT was marked lower in present study when compared to 3.26 by Renuka G et al, [19] 3.4 by Muni kumar et al, [10] 4.47 by Shailee Fotedar et al, [2] 4.79 by Dhankar K and Ingle et al [6] & Anup N et al, [17] 5.26 by Veera Reddy et al, [18] 5.2 by Vishwanath et at, [20] 5.3 by Neha Agarwal et al, [21] 5.40 by Acharya Balkrishna et al, [22] 9.8 by Nobile Carmelo et al , [12] 16.8 by Raija Vainionpaa et al [23] and 19.72 by Alessandro Leite et al [11] . This high mean of DMFT indicates unmet needs of dental treatments and lack of awareness on oral health among prisoners as they should depend on jail authorities for their needs.…”

Nagasutra an effective and advance alternate of Ksharasutra for the treatment of Anorectal disorders: A hypothetical explication based on ancient ayurvedic treatise

“…A. Samhita: Description of Naga is available in various treatise like Kautilya Arthashastra [10] , Ayurveda Prakasha [11] , Caraka Samhita [12] , Rasahridayatantra [13] , Rasarnava [14] , Rasendra Chudamani [15] and Rasaratna Samucchaya [16] , Sushruta Samhita [17][18] , Rasendra Mangala [9,[19][20][21][22] , Rasopanishada [23] , Anandakanda [24] , Rasendrachintamani [25] and Rasakamdhenu [26] (Table . 1) B. B. Nighantu: Description of Naga is available in various Nighantu like Astanga Nighantu (Viprakirna Varga:307) [27] , Abhidhanaratnamala (Lavanaskandha: 6) [28] , Saraswati Nighantu (Candanadi Varga: 100) [29] , Madanapala Nighantu (Suvarnadi Varga: 12) [30] , Chandra nighantu (Dhatuvarga :5) [31] , Rajanighantu (Suvarnadi varga: 24-25) [32] and Paryayaratnamala (Parya. 222) [33] .…”

“…222) [33] . Properties of Naga: It is Usna [32] , Kaphavatashamaka [32] , Arshoghna [32] , guru [32] and Mehanashaka [30] . According to Ayurveda prakasha [11] it is used to treat Prameha, Vatavikara, Arsha, Gulma, Arbuda, grahani, Atisara, Kamala and Ratija roga.…”

Effectiveness of oral health education on oral hygiene status among adult male inmates in central jail, Kolkata – an interventional study

“…This lack of health concern, facilities and expertise further deteriorates the health of inmates. Although they are imprisoned, inmates retain their fundamental right of health and to access to health care (Reddy et al , 2012; Balkrishna et al , 2022). The inmates have a different lifestyle; routine dental care and daily oral hygiene are not in their regular component.…”