Oral Health and Risk Indicators of Early Adolescents in Shandong Province, China: A Cross-sectional Oral Health Survey

Abstract

Objective: We aimed to analyse the oral health status of adolescents in Shandong province, including dental caries and gingivitis, and the relevant risk indicators.Methods: Adolescents aged 12-15-years in Shandong province were recruited. Caries and gingival status were assessed following the World Health Organisation diagnostic criteria. Information including the sociodemographic, oral hygiene knowledge, attitudes and practices were collected through the questionnaire. Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to investigate the independent risk indicators.Results: In total, 3,868 students (50.2% males) were enrolled. Of these, 39.9% of the participants experienced caries, and 81.7% and 31.3% had calculus and bleeding gums, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that there was an association between an increased risk of caries with toothaches, dental visits and sleeping troubles caused by oral problems (P < 0.024). A low-frequency of brushing, high sugar consumption and no flossing increased the risk of calculus formation and gum bleeding (P < 0.008).Conclusion: Compared to caries, worse gingival condition was more prevalent among adolescents in Shandong province and was not taken seriously. Brushing behaviour is associated with gingivitis, while dental visits and toothaches are associated with caries. Hence, prevention-oriented dental visits and oral hygiene training are strongly recommended to improve oral health status.Trial registration: Not applicable.