Oral health indicators for risk of malnutrition in elders

Wu, Ligeng; Cheung, Kmc; Lam, Phoebe Pui Ying; Gao, Xiaoli

doi:10.1007/s12603-017-0887-2

Cited by 48 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Ageing is the cause of several health concerns. Older adults face: (1) frailty and mobility difficulties due to arthritis and osteoporosis, (2) a proneness to falls due to sarcopenia, (3) chronic diseases such as obesity, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and cancer, (4) decreasing impairments in mental health such as Alzheimer’s disease, depression, and dementia, and (5) poor eyesight and dentition [ 2 ]. In addition, some older adults experience decreased appetite and/or food intake [ 3 , 4 ].…”

Section: Introduction: Ageing and Risks Of Malnutritionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Nuts Mitigate Malnutrition in Older Adults? A Conceptual Framework

2018

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The proportion of adults aged over 60 years in the world is expected to reach 20% by the year 2050. Ageing is associated with several physiological changes that increase the risk of malnutrition among this population. Malnutrition is characterized by deficiencies or insufficiencies of macro- and micronutrients. Malnutrition has detrimental effects on the health, wellbeing, and quality of life in older adults. Nuts are rich in energy, unsaturated fats, and protein, as well as other nutrients that provide a range of health benefits. While the effects of nuts on overnutrition have been studied extensively, very few studies have been specifically designed to understand the role of nuts in mitigating undernutrition in the elderly. Therefore, this review explores the potential role of nuts in improving the nutritional status of older adults who are at risk of undernutrition. Several properties of whole nuts, some of which appear important for addressing overnutrition, (e.g., hardness, lower-than-expected nutrient availability, satiety-enhancing effects) may limit their effectiveness as a food to combat undernutrition. However, we propose that modifications such as transforming the physical form of nuts, addressing the timing of nut ingestion, and introducing variety may overcome these barriers. This review also discusses the feasibility of using nuts to prevent and reverse undernutrition among older adults. We conclude with a recommendation to conduct clinical studies in the future to test this conceptual framework.

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Section: Introduction: Ageing and Risks Of Malnutritionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Nuts Mitigate Malnutrition in Older Adults? A Conceptual Framework

2018

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“…A higher number of MT was associated with a low GOHAI score at the bivariate level. Some previous studies reported that tooth loss was associated with OHRQoL in elderly people [49,50]. Tooth loss lowered diet quality [51] and contributed to the prevalence of dysphagia [52].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between Age, Oral Health-Related Quality of Life, and Oral and Swallowing Function among Psychiatric Inpatients in Japan : a cross-sectional study

Haresaku

Nakashima

Hara

et al. 2020

Preprint

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BackgroundAlong with the ageing society, hospitalized psychiatric patients are also ageing in Japan. The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations between age, oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), and oral health, including oral and swallowing function, among psychiatric inpatients.MethodsThe subjects included 165 psychiatric inpatients in psychiatric hospitals in Japan. The General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) and the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10) were included in the questionnaire survey for the measurement of OHRQoL and the screening of dysphagia. A score ≥3 on the EAT-10 was defined as suspected dysphagia. Oral examinations and oral diadochokinesis (ODK) measurements for the tongue-lip motor function evaluation were conducted. The inpatients with acute psychiatric symptoms, moderate and severe dementia, and cognitive impairment that affected their ability to communicate and relate their feelings were excluded. A chi-squared test, the Mann-Whitney U test, and linear regression analysis were used for the analysis.ResultsA total of 100 (64.5%) psychiatric inpatients (49 males and 51 females) participated in this study. The means±SDs for age, the decayed missing filled teeth (DMFT) index, and GOHAI score were 67.3±14.5, 20.6±6, and 49.7±7.9, respectively. The mean ODK scores were less than 3 times/sec for all syllables. The percentage of the participants with suspected dysphagia was 45.0%. Tooth loss and suspected dysphagia were significantly associated with low GOHAI scores. The EAT-10 score was significantly correlated with the GOHAI score only after adjusting for age and sex (β=-0.725, 95% CI:-0.97, -0.64).ConclusionsIn hospitalized psychiatric patients, impaired oral health in the older subjects was more pronounced compared with that among general adults. Tooth loss and swallowing function were associated with OHRQoL. Therefore, oral care for the recovery of occlusal and swallowing functions may be needed to improve OHRQoL among psychiatric patients.

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“…Tooth loss may influence nutritional status . Tooth loss leads to decline in masticatory function, which is the ability to break food boluses down into portions by chewing in order to swallow them .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Occlusal support is associated with nutritional improvement and recovery of physical function in patients recovering from hip fracture

2019

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Objective This study aimed to elucidate the association between occlusal support and nutritional improvement and recovery of activities of daily living (ADLs) among elderly patients recovering from hip fracture. Background Many patients with hip fracture are malnourished, and malnutrition is associated with poor functional outcomes. Poor oral status is one reason for malnutrition because loss of occlusal support leads to masticatory disorders and can cause nutrient deficiencies. Methods We evaluated 202 elderly patients aged 65 years and older (mean age, 84.9 ± 7.9 years). We assessed nutritional status using the Mini Nutritional Assessment‐Short Form and ADLs using functional independence measure (FIM) scores. Occlusal support was recorded in accordance with the Eichner Index. We categorised participants into two groups according to the presence or absence of occlusal support, and statistical analyses were performed to investigate the differences between the groups. Results One group contained 152 participants (mean age, 85.5 ± 7.4 years) with occlusal support, and the other group contained 50 participants (mean age, 83.0 ± 8.9 years) without occlusal support. The group with occlusal support had greater gain of FIM and higher FIM efficiency than did the other group. Multivariate analyses showed that occlusal support was independently associated with nutritional improvement [odds ratio (OR) = 4.00, 95% confidence intervals (CI) = 1.90‐8.43] and motor FIM efficiency (R2 = .338, P < .001). Conclusions Our findings suggest that occlusal support is associated with nutritional improvement and the recovery of ADLs in patients recovering from hip fracture.

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Oral health indicators for risk of malnutrition in elders

Abstract: Elders' tooth loss and unmet treatment need for dental caries were associated with compromised quality of life, which indicated increased likelihood for malnutrition.

Cited by 48 publications

References 38 publications

Can Nuts Mitigate Malnutrition in Older Adults? A Conceptual Framework

Can Nuts Mitigate Malnutrition in Older Adults? A Conceptual Framework

Associations between Age, Oral Health-Related Quality of Life, and Oral and Swallowing Function among Psychiatric Inpatients in Japan : a cross-sectional study

Occlusal support is associated with nutritional improvement and recovery of physical function in patients recovering from hip fracture

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