Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in Polish adults with periodontal diseases, oral mucosal diseases and dental caries

Abstract

Background. With the development of medicine and extending the human lifespan, the next challenge for healthcare providers is to improve the quality of life. Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) is a worldwide known questionnaire that is used for assessing oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL).Objectives. The aim of the present study was to assess the impact of periodontal diseases, oral mucosal lesions and dental caries on OHRQoL among Polish adults. Material and methods.A cross-sectional study consisting of an intraoral clinical examination and a questionnaire was conducted among 250 adult patients seeking dental treatment at the University Dental Clinic (UDC) in Cracow, Poland. The obtained clinical data included the number of decayed, filled and missing teeth (DMFT), the presence of fixed or removable dental prostheses, the type and size of oral mucosal diseases, periodontal data based on a visual examination as well as the approximal plaque index (API) and modified sulcus bleeding index (mSBI) scores, and the patient's dental history. A modified OHIP questionnaire was used, which had been previously validated amongst patients with periodontal and oral mucosal diseases. Results.In patients reporting problems with oral mucosa, the OHIP-14 scores in relation to oral mucosa and other soft tissues were higher, and the scores in relation to the teeth were lower than in patients who did not suffer from oral mucosal diseases (0.86 (0.25-1.81) vs. 0.29 (0-1.00); p < 0.001, and 0.39 (0.07-1.07) vs. 0.68 (0.29-1.29); p = 0.048, respectively). Among patients looking for treatment due to caries and other dental problems, the OHIP-14 scores relating to dentures were higher and the scores relating to oral mucosa were lower than in patients who did not report such problems (2.07 (0.96-2.15) vs. 0.64 (0-1.38); p = 0.043, and 0.14 (0-0.56) vs. 0.57 (0.14-1.31); p = 0.001, respectively). Among patients noticing prosthetic problems, the OHIP-14 scores relating to dentures were higher than in those who did not suffer from such issues (2.07 (1.23-2.36) vs. 0.64 (0-1.36); p = 0.004).Conclusions. The symptoms reported by patients with periodontal diseases, oral mucosal lesions and dental caries influenced their OHRQoL. The proper prophylaxis and treatment of these diseases are important to avoid the worsening of OHRQoL.

HPV related p16INK4A and HSV in benign and potentially malignant oral mucosa pathologies

“…Oral lichen planus (OLP), and oral leukoplakia (OL) are forming a part of the OPMDs according to WHO classification [ 23 , 24 ]. Although the etiology and risk factors leading to the progression of most common OPMD – leukoplakia – into OSCC is smoking and chewing tobacco, for oral lichen planus as a the chronic T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease this search is still ongoing [ 25 , 26 ]. Among some of the factors named are the genetic background, type of dental materials used causing potential lichenoid reaction to it (as amalgam, metals, gold, and composite restorations) [ 25 , 27 ], drugs taken by the patient (i.e., cardiovascular agents, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, hypoglycemics) [ 27 , 28 ], and infectious agents like HSV and HPV [ 23 ].…”

Development and Validation of Oral Health-Related Quality of Life Scale for Patients Undergoing Endodontic Treatment (OHQE) for Irreversible Pulpitis

“…Wigsten et al revealed that endodontic treatment improved oral healthrelated QoL (OHRQoL) more than tooth extraction one month following treatment [17]. OHRQoL is a multidimensional concept that describes the influence of the status of the oral cavity on the function, perceptions, and psychosocial well-being of an individual [18,19]. OHRQoL is an integral part of general health and well-being and is recognized by the World Health Organization as an important segment of the global oral health program [20].…”

“…Tools developed and validated for a specific population's age, local language, and diseases are required to accurately assess the OHRQoL. Several questionnaires have been developed in various languages, including the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) and Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) [18].…”

“…OHRQoL is measured using GOHAI and OHIP, two widely used questionnaires [18]. GOHAI was originally developed for use in older adult populations [21]; however, it has been used in younger adult populations as a general oral health assessment index in recent years [22].…”

“…GOHAI assesses an individual's perception of their oral health through 12 questions that determine the presence of pain, discomfort, dysfunction, and psychosocial effects of dental diseases [23]. This scale is quick and simple to use and can be selfadministered [18]. OHIP was originally developed by Slade and Spencer [24].…”