Oral Health System in Myanmar

Oo, Tin Htet; Tianviwat, Sukanya; Thitasomakul, Songchai

doi:10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_438_20

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…, 2016 ; Ei et al. , 2019 ; Oo et al., 2021 ). One study reviewed the oral healthcare system in Myanmar using six building blocks and found low utilisation of oral healthcare services, lack of workforce, inadequate budget with non-transparent expenditure, and insufficient supply (Saw et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Several study participants complained about the mismatches between the supply and demand of non-communicable disease medicine, implying a poor information system for medication management. In this regard, the Ministry of Health and Sports in Myanmar is currently developing an electronic information system and putting the effort into the overall readiness for this technology (Oo et al., 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the core focuses of the health information system building block is technology-related education and knowledge that comprehensive on-the-job training and contextualising and localising the curriculum in training programmes need to be developed and regularly updated (Oo et al., 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Current status and needs in the primary healthcare system in Yangon, Myanmar: a mixed-method evaluation

Moon

Kang

Kwon

et al. 2023

Prim Health Care Res Dev

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Background: Many low- and middle-income countries and international organisations have invested resources to strengthen primary health care (PHC). This study aimed to identify the challenges and unmet needs in the current PHC by assessing the experiences and perceptions of healthcare workers in three townships (Htan Ta Pin, Hmawbi, and Taikkyi) in Yangon, Myanmar. Methods: The study was conducted among healthcare professionals and community leaders in three townships. Adopting a mixed-method approach, a cross-sectional health needs assessment survey was conducted for quantitative data (n = 66), and focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted online for qualitative data. Findings: Enhancing the management and leadership capacity had the lowest average score on the current achievement (2.81 out of 5 ratings) while strengthening infectious disease control service and accessibility was perceived as the highest mean on the priority of intervention (4.28) and the impact of the intervention (4.7). The FGDs revealed that while specific infrastructures and equipment were reported insufficient and necessary, the need for financial support has been the recurrent theme throughout the discussions. Interpretation: Utilising the World Health Organisation’s six building block frameworks, our findings suggest that a long-term targeted financial investment in the PHC system is critical in Myanmar through increasing healthcare expenditure per capita.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Current status and needs in the primary healthcare system in Yangon, Myanmar: a mixed-method evaluation

Moon

Kang

Kwon

et al. 2023

Prim Health Care Res Dev

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Assessing the status of oral health integration in South East Asian Regional Office countries' Universal Health Coverage–A scoping review

Acharya,

Mathur,

Tadakamadla

et al. 2024

Health Planning & Management

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BackgroundOral diseases affect close to 3.5 billion people worldwide and there has been a call by the World Health Organization (WHO) to integrate oral health into the Universal Health Coverage (UHC) agenda.ObjectivesTo collate and synthesise information regarding the status of integration of oral health into the health systems covered by UHC across the 11 countries in the South East Asian Regional Office.MethodsDrawing on the framework of the six building blocks of health systems as devised by WHO, we compared the public dental care coverage models, with a focus on outpatient dental care in these countries. We gathered this information from publicly available resources, databases and peer‐reviewed publications to populate the template guided by the WHO Health System Building Blocks.ResultsWe found a poor access to oral health care, lopsided distribution of manpower, rickety health information systems, and private sector domination and inadequate or absent financing mechanisms for outpatient procedures. The private sector was dominant in all countries except Thailand and Srilanka. Financing was absent in most countries and deficient in Thailand and Indonesia. Dental workforce was deficient in most countries except India, Srilanka, and Thailand. Health information systems were weak with no dental items under price control. Better UHC indicators did not guarantee a lower oral disease burden.ConclusionsOur review highlighted the close connection between service quality and human resources, governance, and finance. There is a need to establish standardised dental treatment guidelines that are uniformly adopted across countries, integrate oral health into national health and development programs, push for functional oral health research through collecting robust surveillance, economic, and social impact data and the development of cost‐effective strategies tailored to each country's unique needs.

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Dental caries in the Myanmar population: Findings from the first national oral health survey in 2016–2017

Thwin

Ogawa

Phantumvanit

et al. 2023

Comm Dent Oral Epid

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ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the dental caries status of indicator age groups as mentioned in the WHO pathfinder methodology, compare caries experiences among those age groups according to gender and geographical location, and assess the association between dental caries and related risk factors in primary and permanent dentition.MethodsA sample of 5928 participants aged 6, 12, 15–18, 35–44 and 60–74 years were recruited from 21 selected townships in the first Myanmar national oral health survey. Clinical oral examinations and questionnaire‐based surveys were conducted from December 2016 to January 2017.ResultsThe prevalence of dental caries in primary teeth was 85.3% with a mean dmft of 5.7 at age 6 years. The prevalence of dental caries in permanent teeth and mean DMFT were 36.5% and 0.8 at 12 years, 43.8% and 1.1 at 15–18 years, 64.7% and 3.0 at 35–44 years, and 93.6% and 11.5 at 60–74 years. Missing teeth were higher in 60–74‐year‐olds, with 27 participants being fully edentulous. There were significant differences in caries experiences between males and females aged 15–18, 35–44 and 60–74 years. In the adjusted logistic regression, consumption of sweets or candies three times or more a day showed significantly higher risks of dental caries in primary teeth. Age, gender, consumption of sweets or candies and consumption of sweet drinks were associated factors for dental caries in permanent teeth.ConclusionThe findings from the first national oral health survey indicate that caries in primary teeth is an important oral health problem for Myanmar children. Tooth loss was also found to be a concern in the aging population. National oral health policies and strategies need to be developed to promote awareness and understanding of oral health, in particular the role of risk factors such as sugary foods and drinks in tooth decay in children and adults.

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Oral Health System in Myanmar

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

Current status and needs in the primary healthcare system in Yangon, Myanmar: a mixed-method evaluation

Current status and needs in the primary healthcare system in Yangon, Myanmar: a mixed-method evaluation

Assessing the status of oral health integration in South East Asian Regional Office countries' Universal Health Coverage–A scoping review

Dental caries in the Myanmar population: Findings from the first national oral health survey in 2016–2017

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