Oral Hygiene Status of Individuals with Cardiovascular Diseases and Associated Risk Factors

Shetty, Divya; Dua, Mahima; Kumar, Kiran; Dhanapal, Raghu; Astekar, Madhusudan; Shetty, Devi Charan

doi:10.4081/cp.2012.e86

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Many studies have shown that the oral health status of HF patients is very poor [ 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 ]. In this group, an increased incidence of dental caries and periodontal disease is observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary Gland Dysfunction in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure Is Aggravated by Nitrosative Stress, as Well as Oxidation and Glycation of Proteins

et al. 2021

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Chronic heart failure (HF) is an important clinical, social, and economic problem. A key role in HF progression is played by oxidative stress. Free oxygen radicals, formed under the conditions of hypoxia and reperfusion, participate in myocardial stunning and other forms of post-reperfusion damage. HF patients also suffer from disorders connected with saliva secretion. However, still little is known about the mechanisms that impair the secretory function of salivary glands in these patients. In the presented study, we were the first to compare the antioxidant barrier, protein glycoxidation, and nitrosative/nitrative stress in non-stimulated (non-stimulated whole saliva (NWS)) and stimulated (SWS) saliva of HF patients. The study included 50 HF patients with normal saliva (NS) secretion (n = 27) and hyposalivation (HS) (n = 23), as well as an age- and gender-matched control group (n = 50). We demonstrated that, in NWS of HF patients with HS, the concentration of low-molecular-weight non-enzymatic antioxidants decreased (↓total polyphenols, ↓ascorbic acid, ↓reduced glutathione, ↓albumin) compared to HF patients with normal saliva (NS) secretion, as well as the control group (except albumin). We also observed increased content of protein glycoxidation products (↑dityrosine, ↑kynurenine, ↑glycophore) in NWS and SWS of HF patients with HS compared to healthy controls. Interestingly, the content of dityrosine, N-formylkynurenine, and glycophore in NWS was also significantly higher in HF patients with HS compared to those with NS secretion. The concentration of NO was considerably lower, while the levels of peroxynitrite and nitrotyrosine were significantly higher in NWS and SWS of HF subjects with HS compared to the controls. Salivary gland dysfunction occurs in patients with chronic HF with the submandibular salivary glands being the least efficient. Oxidative/nitrosative stress may be one of the mechanisms responsible for the impairment of salivary gland secretory function in HF patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary Gland Dysfunction in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure Is Aggravated by Nitrosative Stress, as Well as Oxidation and Glycation of Proteins

et al. 2021

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“…Our study is among the few studies in India to have followed a comprehensive approach by integrating oral health with NCDs [40–43]. To our knowledge, this is the first study with the above strategy using a representative sample from community.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between poor oral health and diabetes among Indian adult population: potential for integration with NCDs

Rawal

Ghosh²,

Hameed

et al. 2019

BMC Oral Health

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Background Studies in high-income countries have reported associations between oral health and diabetes. There is however a lack of evidence on this association from low and middle-income countries, especially India. The current study aimed to assess the prevalence of common oral diseases and their association with diabetes. Methods This cross-sectional study was nested within the second Cardiometabolic Risk Reduction in South Asia Surveillance Study. A subset of study participants residing in Delhi were administered the World Health Organization’s Oral Health Assessment Questionnaire and underwent oral examination for caries experience and periodontal health assessment using standard indices. Diabetes status was ascertained by fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin values or self-reported medication use. Information was captured on co-variates of interest. The association between oral health and diabetes was investigated using Multivariable Zero-Inflated Poisson (ZIP) regression analysis. Results Out of 2045 participants, 47% were women and the mean age of study participants was 42.17 (12.8) years. The age-standardised prevalence (95% confidence interval) estimates were 78.9% (75.6–81.7) for dental caries, 35.9% (32.3–39.6) for periodontitis. Nearly 85% participants suffered from at least one oral disease. Compared to diabetes-free counterparts, participants with diabetes had more severe caries experience [Mean Count Ratio (MCR) = 1.07 (1.03–1.12)] and attachment loss [MCR = 1.10 (1.04–1.17)]. Also, the adjusted prevalence of periodontitis was significantly higher among participants with diabetes [42.3%(40.0–45.0)] compared to those without diabetes [31.3%(30.3–32.2)]. Conclusion We found that eight out of ten participants in urban Delhi suffered from some form of oral disease and participants with diabetes had worse oral health. This highlights the need for public health strategies to integrate oral health within the existing Non-Communicable Disease control programs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12903-019-0884-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Especially the low usage of interdental cleaning devices was thereby conspicuous in the current study. A previous study found oral hygiene to be reduced in patients with cardiovascular diseases, too [ 20 ]. Therefore, increased attention should be paid on oral hygiene of patients with heart diseases; however, there is limited evidence for strategies to promote oral hygiene in heart diseased individuals and it remains unclear if there would be an effect on cardiovascular outcome [ 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of periodontal parameters between patients with ischemic and dilative cardiomyopathy

Ziebolz

Binner

Reuschel

et al. 2021

BMC Cardiovasc Disord

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Background This cross-sectional study aimed in the comparison of periodontal parameters, number of remaining teeth and oral behaviour between patients with ischemic- (ICM) and non-ischemic dilative cardiomyopathy (DCM). Methods Patients with HF from the Department for Cardiac Surgery at the Heart Center Leipzig were included. The two groups (ICM and DCM) were composed by matching according to age, gender and smoking habits. All participants received a comprehensive periodontal examination, including a periodontal probing on six measurement points of each tooth. Results A total of 226 patients (n = 113 each group) was included. Patients in DCM group used interdental cleaning significantly more often than ICM (23.9% vs. 12.5%, p = 0.04). The majority of patients in both groups (ICM: 83.6%, DCM: 84.6%, p = 0.23) were diagnosed with stage III–IV periodontitis. Periodontal parameters were comparable between groups (p > 0.05). Variance analysis revealed no influence of the group (ICM vs. DCM) on the number of remaining teeth (p = 0.16), periodontitis stage (p = 0.27) or the periodontal inflamed surface area (p = 0.62). Conclusions Patients with severe HF show high periodontal burden, without any differences between ICM and DCM group. Therefore, increased attention should be payed to periodontal health of patients with severe heart disease, irrespective of their underlying disease.

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Oral Hygiene Status of Individuals with Cardiovascular Diseases and Associated Risk Factors

Cited by 13 publications

References 24 publications

Salivary Gland Dysfunction in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure Is Aggravated by Nitrosative Stress, as Well as Oxidation and Glycation of Proteins

Salivary Gland Dysfunction in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure Is Aggravated by Nitrosative Stress, as Well as Oxidation and Glycation of Proteins

Association between poor oral health and diabetes among Indian adult population: potential for integration with NCDs

Comparison of periodontal parameters between patients with ischemic and dilative cardiomyopathy

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