Oral Immunization to Milk Protein in Human Infants in the Presence of Passive Antibody

Müller, Wolfgang; Lippmann, Axel; Rieger, Christian

doi:10.1203/00006450-198309000-00008

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Antibodies against a-casein and Plactoglobulin of the IgA-isotype were determined by a direct ELISA as published previously (5,8). Microtiter plates (Nunc Laboratories, Roskilde, Denmark) were coated with a-casein or @-lactoglobulin at concentrations of 20 pg/ml.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Local Antibodies to α-Casein and β-Lactoglobulin in the Saliva of Infants

Frick

Rieger

1987

Pediatr Res

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ABSTRACT. Salivary antibodies were studied in 112 infants between 1 day and 8 yr of life. SIgA anticasein was present from birth in breast-fed and bottle-fed infants. Bottle-feeding resulted in significantly higher concentrations of SIgA anticasein at 3 wk to 3 months of life as compared to breast-feeding. Salivary anticasein declined toward the end of the 1st yr and was present in less than half of the children older than 1 yr. Salivary anti-@-lactoglobulin was also present at birth in some infants. Levels increased slightly over the following 3 months but remained low. Only a minority of older children had this antibody in their saliva. Transplacentally acquired IgG protects the newborn infant against most systemic infections. During the immediate postnatal period some of this IgG can be recovered from mucosal membranes and may contribute to mucosal defense mechanisms. SIgA, the major secretory immunoglobulin, has been detected in saliva as early as 7 days of life and adult levels were present at 4 wk in 92% of infants (I, 2). Secretory antibodies have been shown to represent an immune response against replicating and nonreplicating antigens on mucosal surfaces and act to exclude such antigens from penetrating mucosal membranes.Cow's milk proteins are among the first antigens encountered by many human neonates. The systemic immune response to these proteins has been characterized in healthy term infants, in premature infants as well as in children and adults during health and disease (3-8).Since milk proteins are continuously presented to the local immune system of the gut and since these proteins have repeatedly been implicated in the pathogenesis of atopic disease it was of interest to study local antibody formation to the two major cow's milk proteins, a-casein and P-lactoglobulin during the 1st yr of life. MATERIALS AND METHODSnot relating to the immune system. In infants, unstimulated saliva was obtained by gentle suctioning with a soft rubber tube over 10-15 min. Saliva was obtained at least I h after the last meal to avoid contamination of the samples with milk. Saliva was heated for 20 min at 5 1" C, centrifuged at 5000 x g for 15 min and kept at -20" C until analyzed. Each individual was studied on a single occasion. Among the ten I-to 5-day-old neonates, four were fully breast-fed, three were bottle-fed, and three received mixed feedings. In the 3-wk to 4-month-old group 10 infants were fully breast-fed; among the remaining 2 1 bottlefed infants, three were still receiving some additional breast milk and 1 1 had received breast milk for an average of 4 wk. After 4 months of age all except two infants were exclusively bottle-fed. Antibody determinations.Antibodies against a-casein and Plactoglobulin of the IgA-isotype were determined by a direct ELISA as published previously (5, 8). Microtiter plates (Nunc Laboratories, Roskilde, Denmark) were coated with a-casein or @-lactoglobulin at concentrations of 20 pg/ml. Rabbit IgG-antibody against human SC was purchased from Nordic Immunological Laboratories...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The systemic immune response to these proteins has been characterized in healthy term infants, in premature infants as well as in children and adults during health and disease (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8).…”

Section: Sc Secretory Component Bsa Bovine Serum Albuminmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local Antibodies to α-Casein and β-Lactoglobulin in the Saliva of Infants

Frick

Rieger

1987

Pediatr Res

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“…The influence of maternal immunologic reactivity on the development of the immunologic repertoire in the neonate has been examined in a number of recent studies employing different antigens in a variety of mammalian species [1,2], Studies carried out by Jarrett and Hall [3] in rats have shown that maternal im munization with ovalbumin (OVA) administered parenterally prior to mating is associated with significant suppression of IgE and enhancement of IgG anti-OVA response in the neonate following neonatal immunization. Significant suppression of neonatal immune response has also been observed after oral immunization of pregnant rabbits with bovine serum albumin [4], Other studies have suggested a potential for enhanced neonatal immune response after prior maternal immunization [5], The mechanisms underly ing the maternally induced alterations in neonatal im mune response remain to be determined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Determinants of Neonatal Immune Response to Ovalbumin: Effect of Breast Feeding on Development of Anti-Ovalbumin Antibody in the Neonate

Okamoto

Freihorst²,

Ogra³

1989

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Inbred Brown-Norway female rats were immunized intraperitoneally with ovalbumin (OVA) or sham-immunized 14 days before and 10 days after mating. In subsequent studies with OVA, babies fed by immunized mothers, regardless of whether they were born from immunized or sham-immunized mothers, showed suppression of IgG, IgM and IgE anti-OVA responses. In additional studies, these babies developed OX-8-positive but W3/25-negative phenotypic suppressor T-cells specific for anti-OVA antibody production. However, these regulatory cells did not react with OVA itself when tested for in vitro proliferative response to OVA. Subsequent immunization of the neonates with OVA appeared to abrogate suppression of IgG and IgM antibody responses. However, maternally induced suppression of IgE persisted and was not influenced by subsequent immunization.

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“…A difference in the amount of passive antibodies in the infants cannot explain the lower response of prematures, since milk antibodies in cord sera are low even in term infants and passive antibodies to BSA were previously shown not to affect the response of neonates to this protein [5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Determination of antibodies to BSA, c~-casein, ~-lactoglobulin and lactalbumin were determined by a direct enzymelinked immunosorbent assay as described before [5,6]. Purified antigens, obtained from Sigma Chemicals, Munich, were used at concentrations of 5 gg/ml to coat polystyrrol microtitre plates.…”

Section: Offprint Requests To: C H L Riegermentioning

confidence: 99%