Oral inhalation of cannabidiol delivered from a metered dose inhaler to alleviate cytokine production induced by SARS-CoV-2 and pollutants

Aqueous cannabidiol β-cyclodextrin complexed polymeric micelle nasal spray to attenuate in vitro and ex vivo SARS-CoV-2-induced cytokine storms

“…5 , A–C. These findings are in agreement with our previous reports ( Srichana et al, 2022 ), which showed that co-administration of a CBD formulation and allergens had the greatest impact on reducing the level of macrophage-produced cytokines. CBD binding to the CB 2 receptor on macrophages/monocyte resulted in a decrease in cytokine production in RAW264.7 cells exposed to S-RBD ( Perwee, 2008 ).…”

“…This experiment was performed according to previous studies ( Srichana et al, 2022 ). The coding sequence for the S-RBD of SARS-CoV-2 (S-RBD, residue 317–539) was optimized for expression in mammalian cells from the sequence obtained from the reference strain (Wuhan-Hu-1) and cloned into pSecTag using restriction enzyme cloning (BsiWI and XhoI) in-frame with the Igκ leader sequence at the N-terminus and the Myc-His tag at the C-terminus.…”

Development and Optimisation of Inhalable EGCG Nano-Liposomes as a Potential Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension by Implementation of the Design of Experiments Approach

“…Increasing the pH of the liposome media resulted in significantly higher absolute values of the zeta potentials ( p < 0.0001). This trend can be explained by the fact that the deprotonated form of DPPG increases when the pH increases, causing a higher negative charge in the formulation, as was revealed previously in similar research [ 38 ]. In addition, increasing the cholesterol content ( p = 0.0007) resulted in a significant rise in the absolute value of the zeta potential of the formulation.…”

“…The pH also impacted this response significantly ( p = 0.0021). Increasing the buffer’s pH led to an increase in the negative zeta potential of this formulation [ 38 ]. A higher zeta potential value induces a more stable formulation, as it limits the fusion and agglomeration of the liposome vesicles, ensuring low and constant PDI values [ 68 ].…”

“…A phospholipid with a low-phase transition temperature was used to prepare ethanolic EGCG liposomes, and it was previously reported by other researchers that phospholipids with a high-phase transition temperature should be used for inhalable liposomes to maintain their stability during nebulisation [ 27 , 34 , 35 ]. Moreover, several studies have reported that ethanol affects an aerosol’s performance by decreasing the fine particle mass [ 36 , 37 , 38 ]. This makes the prepared injectable EGCG unsuitable for inhalation.…”