Oral lichenoid reaction due to chromate/cobalt in dental prosthesis

Sockanathan, Sanjeeve; Setterfield, Jane; Wakelin, S. H.

doi:10.1034/j.1600-0536.2003.00140.x

Cited by 24 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…90,91 Though cobalt is neither considered as potent a carcinogen as nickel, nor generally present in tobacco at concentrations as high as those of nickel, they are related immunologically in causing metal sensitizations including epidermal and oral allergic contact sensitizations, contact dermatitis inflammations, pulmonary inflammations and pneumoconioses, and asthmatic conditions. 23,60,63,64,92,93 Once sensitized to one of these metals, immunological cross sensitization to the other is often observed, since they share an endothelial inflammatory activation pathway. 23,94,95 Though lipopolysaccharide is the natural ligand for human Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) that is involved in inflammatory response, nickel (II) has been specifically identified as directly activating proinflammatory signal cascades by binding to this receptor.…”

Section: Nickel and Cobaltmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Toxic elements in tobacco and in cigarette smoke: inflammation and sensitization

2011

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Biochemically and pathologically, there is strong evidence for both atopic and nonatopic airway sensitization, hyperresponsiveness, and inflammation as a consequence of exposure to tobacco mainstream or sidestream smoke particulate. There is growing evidence for the relation between exposure to mainstream and sidestream smoke and diseases resulting from reactive oxidant challenge and inflammation directly as a consequence of the combined activity of neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, as a humoral immunological consequence of sensitization, and that the metal components of the particulate play a role in adjuvant effects. As an end consequence, carcinogenicity is a known outcome of chronic inflammation.Smokeless tobacco has been evaluated by the IARC as a group 1 carcinogen. Of the many harmful constituents in smokeless tobacco, oral tissue metallothionein gradients suggest that metals contribute to the toxicity from smokeless tobacco use and possibly sensitization.This work reviews and examines work on probable contributions of toxic metals from tobacco and smoke to pathology observed as a consequence of smoking and the use of smokeless tobacco. Metals and metalloids in tobaccoThough exposure to substances from tobacco use is obviously a complex exposure, the carcinogens in tobacco smoke have been classified for health risk determinations into five major chemical classes. 1 Some of these have been carefully studied, contributing to a strong weight of evidence for associated health risks. 2 Toxic metals and metalloids constitute one of the more understudied major carcinogenic chemical classes in smokeless tobacco products and tobacco smoke. Eight of the top forty substances in the Fowles and Dybing table of cancer risk indices are metals or metalloid compounds. 1 In their table of non-cancer risk indices for individual chemical constituents of mainstream cigarette smoke based on a single cigarette per day, three of the top eight listed for respiratory effect health risk, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, and nickel, were metals. Another metalloid, silicon in the form of silicates, poses serious health risks by inhalation, but limited data is available, likely due to analytical difficulties.Metals and metalloids in smoke from biomass combustion including tobacco are generally considered to be present in ionic form, but may also occur in a gaseous elemental form, as is the case for mercury. 3 Whether a tobacco product is consumed by smoking or in a smokeless form, the exposure to toxic metals is directly related to the concentration in the tobacco leaf, assuming no metal containing additives are included during manufacture. [4][5][6] The soil (including any amendments to the soil such as sludge, fertilizers, or irrigation with

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Section: Nickel and Cobaltmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[59][60][61][62][63][64] Chromium (VI) is found in cigarette smoke and ash. 65 There are limited reports that elevated chromium (III) exposure may also result in contact allergic sensitization.…”

Section: Chromiummentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxic elements in tobacco and in cigarette smoke: inflammation and sensitization

2011

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“…Although metal base removable dentures contribute to greater patient satisfaction than resin base removable dentures, the cobalt-chromium alloy frequently used in metal base removable dentures has been reported to induce metal allergies in some patients [5,6], and a similar problem has also been reported with titanium [7,8]. For patients allergic to denture-base metals, and patients who are hesitant about the use of metals in the mouth, an alternative to metal base removable dentures is required.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Evaluation of participants’ perception and taste thresholds with a zirconia palatal plate

Wada

Takano

Tasaka

et al. 2016

Journal of Prosthodontic Research

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“…Oral lichenoid lesions may also be due to other dental materials, e.g. containing chrome and cobalt(54). Dental materials in direct contact with the oral mucosa may directly alter the antigenicity of basal keratinocytes (3).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%