Oral Magnesium supplementation improves insulin sensitivity in non-diabetic subjects with insulin resistance. A double-blind placebo-controlled randomized trial

Guerrero‐Romero, Fernando; He, Ting; González-González, G; Salinas-Martínez, AM; Montes-Villarreal, Juan; Treviño-Ortiz, JH; Rodrı́guez-Morán, Martha

doi:10.1016/s1262-3636(07)70116-7

Cited by 205 publications

(147 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In addition, Mg is necessary to induce tyrosine-kinase activity and stimulate insulin to reduce blood glucose level. Therefore, a daily Mg intake increases insulin sensitivity by 10% and decreases blood glucose level by 37% (38). In our study, the total Mg concentration was significantly decreased in the patients with T2DM (Table 3).…”

Section: Original Articleesupporting

confidence: 55%

Association of Insulin Resistance, β-Cell Function Impairment and Calcium, Magnesium, and Fetuin-A Concentrations in Women with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Moustafa¹

2016

Acta Facultatis Medicae Naissensis

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SU M M A RYInsulin resistance and β-cell function impairment play a role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Insulin signaling is inhibited by fetuin-A, an abundant plasma protein. Fetuin-A is also a candidate marker of the T2DM risk. This case-control study aimed to determine whether fetuin-A serum level is related to insulin resistance, β-cell function impairment, and total and ionized Ca and Mg serum levels in Erbil patients with T2DM.A total of 60 patients with T2DM were recruited, and 30 healthy persons were included in the control group. Fetuin-A and insulin concentrations were measured through ELISA. Other biochemical parameters were determined spectrophotometrically. Insulin resistance (HOMA2IR), insulin sensitivity (HOMA2%S), and β-cell function were examined by using a homeostatic model assessment 2 (HOMA2).Fasting serum insulin, fetuin-A serum levels, and HOMA2IR were significantly increased. HOMA2%S of the patients with diabetes was significantly lower than that of the control group. The total serum and ionized Ca and Mg contents and the Ca/Mg ratio were reduced in the patients.Therefore, fetuin-A is related to T2DM pathogenesis and is strongly associated with insulin resistance and glycemic control in T2DM patients. Future large-scale studies are necessary to validate fetuin-A as an indicator of IR in T2DM patients.

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Section: Original Articleesupporting

confidence: 55%

Association of Insulin Resistance, β-Cell Function Impairment and Calcium, Magnesium, and Fetuin-A Concentrations in Women with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Moustafa¹

2016

Acta Facultatis Medicae Naissensis

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“…These trials included a total of 1173 individuals, with a sample size ranging from 13 to 155 participants. Every trial reported the sex of the subjects, with two only including males, 15,16 three only including females, 17 --19 and the remaining 17 trials including both males and females. The total gender split of the subjects was 47% male and 53% female.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subjects in three trials had non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus 20 --22 and one trial observed individuals with insulin resistance. 15 Some or all of the subjects in six trials were receiving antihypertensive medication such as beta-blockers and diuretics. The other trials enrolled normotensive subjects, untreated hypertensive subjects or hypertensive subjects abstinent from treatment for a period of at least 1 month.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of magnesium supplementation on blood pressure: a meta-analysis

2012

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To date, there has been inconclusive evidence regarding the effect of magnesium supplements on blood pressure (BP). This meta-analysis was conducted to assess the effect of magnesium supplementation on BP and to establish the characteristics of trials showing the largest effect size. Primary outcome measures were systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) at the end of the follow-up period. One hundred and forty-one papers were identified, of which 22 trials with 23 sets of data (n ¼ 1173), with 3 to 24 weeks of follow-up met the inclusion criteria, with a supplemented elemental magnesium range of 120 --973 mg (mean dose 410 mg). 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using DerSimonian and Laird's randomeffects model, with effect size calculated using Hedges G. Combining all data, an overall effect of 0.36 and 0.32 for DBP and SBP, respectively, was observed (95% CI 0.27 --0.44 for DBP and 0.23 --0.41 for SBP), with a greater effect being seen for the intervention in crossover trials (DBP 0.47, SBP 0.51). Effect size increased in line with increased dosage. Although not all individual trials showed significance in BP reduction, combining all trials did show a decrease in SBP of 3 --4 mm Hg and DBP of 2 --3 mm Hg, which further increased with crossover designed trials and intake 4370 mg/day. To conclude, magnesium supplementation appears to achieve a small but clinically significant reduction in BP, an effect worthy of future prospective large randomised trials using solid methodology.

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“…However, in humans there are divergent conclusions about the effect of magnesium deficiency in obesity development. Even so, some intervention studies have found that oral magnesium supplementation improves insulin sensitivity in non-diabetic subjects with insulin resistance and in diabetic patients (Guerrero-Romero et al, 2004).…”

Section: Different Minerals Have Been Associated With Changes In Epigmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary factors, epigenetic modifications and obesity outcomes: Progresses and perspectives

Milagro

Mansego

Miguel

et al. 2013

Molecular Aspects of Medicine

259

161

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Nutritional factors play a life-long role in human health. Indeed, there is growing evidence that one of the mechanisms by which nutrients and bioactive compounds affect metabolic traits is epigenetics. Complex interactions among food components and histone modifications, DNA methylation, non-coding RNA expression and chromatin remodeling factors lead to a dynamic regulation of gene expression that controls the cellular phenotype. Although perinatal period is the time of highest phenotypic plasticity, contributing largely to developmental programming, also during adulthood there is evidence about a nutritional influence on epigenetic regulation. Similarly to type 2 diabetes, hypertension, atherosclerosis and other metabolic disorders, obesity predisposition and weight loss outcomes have been repeatedly associated to changes in epigenetic patterns. Different non-nutritional risk factors that usually accompany obesity seem also to be involved in these epigenetic modifications, especially hyperglycemia, inflammation, hypoxia and oxidative stress. There are currently three major objectives in epigenetic research in relation to obesity: to search for epigenetic biomarkers to predict future health problems or detect the individuals at most risk, to understand the obesity-related environmental factors that could modulate gene expression by affecting epigenetic mechanisms, and to study novel therapeutic strategies based on nutritional or pharmacological agents that can modify epigenetic marks. At this level, the major tasks are: development of robust epigenetic biomarkers of weight regulation, description of those epigenetic marks more susceptible to be modified by dietary exposures, identification of the active ingredients (and the doses) that alter the epigenome, assessment of the real importance of other obesity-related factors on epigenetic regulation, determination of the period of life in which best results are obtained, and understanding of the importance of the inheritance of these epigenetic marks.

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Oral Magnesium supplementation improves insulin sensitivity in non-diabetic subjects with insulin resistance. A double-blind placebo-controlled randomized trial

Cited by 205 publications

References 27 publications

Association of Insulin Resistance, β-Cell Function Impairment and Calcium, Magnesium, and Fetuin-A Concentrations in Women with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Association of Insulin Resistance, β-Cell Function Impairment and Calcium, Magnesium, and Fetuin-A Concentrations in Women with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Effect of magnesium supplementation on blood pressure: a meta-analysis

Dietary factors, epigenetic modifications and obesity outcomes: Progresses and perspectives

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