Oral malignant melanoma of alveolar ridge

Abstract

Malignancy of melanocytes, a pigment-producing cell, is referred as malignant melanoma (MM) which occur basically on skin and oral mucous membrane, but as well found in ears, eyes, gastrointestinal tract and genital mucosa. Oral melanomas has propensity to metastasise and invade more voluntarily than other malignant counterparts. Here we present a case of 52-year-old male patient with a chief symptom of blackening of gums in the upper front tooth region. In dental history, the patient revealed history of faulty artificial prosthesis fixed in the same region since 6 months. On the basis of a through clinical assessment, a provisional opinion of oral malignant melanoma, was prepared. On histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis with S-100 and homatropine methylbromide 45 the diagnosis of MM was confirmed.

Primary retromolar malignant melanoma in a Latin American patient

“…The diagnosis of melanoma can be corroborated by positive immunohistochemistry staining results for S100, HMB-45, and Ki-67 (principally in non-melanotic melanomas); 9,10 in biopsy from our patient, strong staining was observed for HMB-45, a preferred marker for melanocytes. 10 Our patient was treated in accordance with recommendations described in the literature: wide surgical excision was performed with ample margins and adjunctive radiotherapy; chemotherapy and immunotherapy were also recommended. 2,9,10 Oral mucosal melanoma is an aggressive disease with extremely poor outcome, but the 5-year overall survival rate is reportedly greater than 30%.…”

“…10 Our patient was treated in accordance with recommendations described in the literature: wide surgical excision was performed with ample margins and adjunctive radiotherapy; chemotherapy and immunotherapy were also recommended. 2,9,10 Oral mucosal melanoma is an aggressive disease with extremely poor outcome, but the 5-year overall survival rate is reportedly greater than 30%. [18][19][20] Prompt diagnosis and rapid treatment of oral malignant melanoma are essential for a good prognosis.…”

“…Within the oral cavity, the most frequently affected sites include the palate and maxillary gingiva; combined, these sites exhibit 80% of all melanomas in the oral cavity. 4,6,[10][11][12][13] The remaining melanomas are found in the mandibular gum, oral mucosa, tongue, and floor of the mouth. 5 Primary melanoma of the oral mucosa occurs frequently among individuals of Asian and African ethnicities, partially in relation to the high frequency of melanic pigmentation in the oral mucosa.…”

Primary oral malignant melanoma: case report

“…zie a ţesuturilor subiacente "faza de creștere verticală" [2]. Luarea în considerare a prezentării iniţiale asimptomatice a leziunii și evoluţia acesteia ne ajută în diagnosticarea precoce "Lista de verificare ABCDE a melanomului" care include următoarele caracteristici clinice: (A) Asimetrie -este atunci când o jumătate a leziunii nu se potrivește cu cealaltă jumătate a leziunii; (B) Margini iregulare -este atunci când marginile sunt crestate, zimţate, zdrenţuite sau neclare; (C) Iregularitatea culorii -se observă o pigmentare de diferite culori, de la negru, maro, cafeniu, roșu, albastru și alb; (D) Diametru -mai mult de 6 mm; (E) Proeminenţă de la suprafaţa adiacentă [3,13].…”

“…Un melanom histologic se confirmă prin coloraţia cu argint Fontana-Masson și prin modelul de coloraţie imunohistochimică adecvat, care include anticorpi HMB-45, Melan-A, tirozinaza și factorul de transcripţie anti-microftalmie. Proteina S-100 este întotdeauna pozitivă în melanoame [13,14].…”