Oral‐maxillofacial adverse events related to antimalarials

Abstract

Malaria is a worldwide parasitic disease, which affects millions of lives every year. Various medications are recommended by WHO for prevention and treatment of malaria. However, adverse events caused by antimalarials were frequently reported, some of which were severe and fatal. Disorders of many organs related to antimalarials have been well recognized, whereas few studies concentrated on the relationship between antimalarials and oral‐maxillofacial system health. Current review generalized the relevance of antimalarials to the health of oral‐maxillofacial part and raised an urgent need to form a standard management for antimalarial‐related oral‐maxillofacial adverse events.

Investigation of the understanding on tropical infectious diseases and oral health among dental professionals in China

“…Dental clinics are at high risk of tropical infectious diseases because: (1) some infected patients or patients with drug-induced adverse events, need to be identified, may firstly visit the dentists for their accompanied oral discomfort [ 6 – 8 , 13 – 16 ]; (2) the aerosols will be generated during the oral treatment, which is the crucial risk factor for infectious disease spread [ 19 – 21 ]; (3) the closed treatment environment is easy for infectious disease spread [ 19 , 20 ]; (4) the blood exposure is another risk factor for infectious disease spread[ 22 ]; (5) some tropical infectious diseases have severe late-onset oral complications which need follow-up, such as Burkitt lymphoma related to malaria [ 7 ], oral cancer related to trichinosis [ 6 ] and jawbone osteonecrosis related to dengue fever [ 8 ]. Therefore, it is necessary for the dental professionals to focus on tropical infectious diseases and oral health.…”

“…Oral-maxillofacial system has been reported to be affected by such infectious diseases, such as parasitic diseases [ 6 , 7 ], viral diseases [ 8 , 9 ], bacterial diseases [ 10 , 11 ] and fungal diseases [ 10 , 12 ]. In addition, oral adverse events of medications for tropical infectious diseases have been also reported [ 13 ]. Notably, some related oral manifestations occurred as the first sign of aforementioned infectious diseases [ 6 – 8 , 14 – 16 ] and their drug associated adverse events [ 13 ].…”

“…In addition, oral adverse events of medications for tropical infectious diseases have been also reported [ 13 ]. Notably, some related oral manifestations occurred as the first sign of aforementioned infectious diseases [ 6 – 8 , 14 – 16 ] and their drug associated adverse events [ 13 ]. Therefore, the dental professionals working for domestic medical service, international medical assistance, peace-keeping medical service or medical support of international joint military exercises might face a big challenge of managing tropical infectious diseases and oral health.…”

Oral Complications related to tropical infectious Diseases: an introduction and analysis of survey data

“…The oral complications related to tropical infectious diseases have been investigated previously (Table 1 ) and parasitic diseases (malaria, leishmaniasis, and amoebiasis) [ 8 – 16 ], bacterial diseases (leprosy, and yaws) [ 8 , 17 , 18 ], viral diseases (dengue fever and measles) [ 8 , 16 , 19 – 21 ] and fungal diseases (paracoccidioidomycosis and histoplasmosis) [ 8 , 18 , 22 – 26 ], such as oral mucosal hemorrhage, oral mucositis, oral ulceration, enamel hypoplasia, and alveolar bone disorders [ 8 , 15 , 16 , 23 ]. In addition, the current medications that are available for the treatment of tropical infectious are also associated with some oral adverse events (Table 1 ), including pain in the oral soft tissue, toothache, enamel hypoplasia, periodontal diseases, and stomatitis [ 8 , 15 , 27 , 28 ]. To provide convenient medical guidelines, we have summarized various oral complications related to tropical infectious diseases, particularly associated with the oral-maxillofacial region (Table 1 ).…”