Oral Microbiome of Crohn’s Disease Patients With and Without Oral Manifestations

Abstract

Background and Aims Microbiome dysbiosis is associated with inflammatory destruction in Crohn’s Disease (CD). Although gut microbiome dysbiosis is well-established in CD, the oral microbiome is comparatively under-studied. This study aims to characterize the oral microbiome of CD patients with/without oral manifestations. Methods Patients with CD were recruited with age, gender and race-matched controls. Potential confounders such as dental caries and periodontal condition were recorded. Oral microbiome was collected using saliva samples. Microbial DNA extracted and sequenced using shotgun sequencing. Metagenomic taxonomic and functional profiles were generated and analyzed. Results The study recruited 41 with CD and 24 healthy controls. Within the CD subjects, 39.0% had oral manifestations with the majority presenting with cobblestoning and/or oral ulcers. Principal coordinate analysis demonstrated distinct oral microbiome profiles between subjects with and without CD, with 4 key variables responsible for overall oral microbiome variance: 1) Diagnosis of CD, 2) Concomitant use of steroids, 3) Concomitant use of Azathioprine, and 4) Presence of oral ulcers. Thirty-two significant differentially abundant microbial species were identified, with the majority associated with the diagnosis of CD. A predictive model based on differences in the oral microbiome found that the oral microbiome has strong discriminatory function to distinguish subjects with and without CD (AUROC 0.84). Functional analysis found increased representation of microbial enzymes (n=5) in the butyrate pathway was positively associated with the presence of oral ulcers. Conclusions Oral microbiome can aid in the diagnosis of CD and its composition was associated with oral manifestations.

Microbial genes outperform species and SNVs as diagnostic markers for Crohn’s disease on multicohort fecal metagenomes empowered by artificial intelligence

“…In our results, the increased abundances of S. oralis and V. parvula and their positive correlations with the PTS-related genes indicated the essential role of these species in CD pathogenesis. Consistently, several studies reported that S. oralis 26 , 28 and V. parvula 29 were enriched in IBD patients and closely associated with IBD pathogenesis. Therefore, we hypothesize that the nutrient environment alteration related to PTS biological process under gut dysbiosis may be responsible for the ectopical colonization of the oral microorganisms.…”

Oral and systemic health in Singapore: Revisiting the past to define the future

“…The second study by Hu et al 22 explored by shotgun sequencing the differences in the composition of the oral microbiome by comparing individuals without CD ( n = 24) and two groups of people with CD, one with oral manifestations of CD ( n = 16) and another without ( n = 25). The most frequent oral manifestations were cobblestones, associated with the enrichment of Bacteroides dorei , Bacteroides vulgatus , Clostridium asparagiforme and Roseburia intestinalis , and the formation of deep ulcerations, which was associated with the enrichment of Anaerostipes hadrus , Clostridium bolteae , Roseburia inulinivorans and Turicimonas muris .…”

Dental diseases in patients with pathology of the gastrointestinal tract: a literature review

“…Велику проблему складають важкі загальносоматичні захворювання, до яких належить група хвороб, що об'єднані синдромом порушеного травлення та всмоктування. Останнім часом зазначеній проблемі присвячують свої дослідження науковці нашої країни та зарубіжжя [1,10,26,34,36,40]. З огляду на соціальні аспекти, пов'язані з характером харчування, зростання вторинних форм синдрому порушеного травлення, вивчення перебігу стоматологічних захворювань із супровідним синдромом мальабсорбції (СМА) є актуальним і недостатньо висвітленим питанням.…”

“…За результатами досліджень [11,23,41] всі стоматологічні прояви гастродуоденальної патології умовно можна поділити на ураження твердих і м'яких тканин (одонтопатологія, захворювання пародонта та СОПР). Виділяють морфологічні й імунологічні зміни СОПР у хворих із запальними захворюваннями кишечника, насамперед при хворобі Крона [10,24]. Розвиток поєднаних морфологічних і функціональних уражень ШКТ об-тяжує важкість і поліморфізм проявів патології СОПР [32].…”