Oral Rehabilitation of Adult Twins With Severe Lack of Bone Due to Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia—A 12-Month Follow-Up

Dental implants in patients with oral mucosal alterations: An update

“…The disease is relatively rare, with a frequency of between 1:10,000 and 1:100,000 live births, and is more common in males than in females. Other authors report an incidence of 1-7:100,000 (8). In most cases the disorder shows a recessive autosomal hereditary pattern, though dominant autosomal or chromosome X-linked forms are also observed (2).…”

“…At oral cavity level, ectodermal dysplasia is characterized by the observation of anodontia and hypodontia of the temporal and permanent dentition, impacted teeth, pin-type dental malformations, enamel hypoplasia, multiples diastemas and under-developed alveolar ridges. These problems give rise to aesthetic and functional problems, and difficulties for supporting conventional prostheses (4)(5)(6)(7)(8).…”

“…However, it may prove difficult to achieve adequate primary stability with the conventional techniques -bone grafts or implants in abutments being required in such situations (4,8,22).…”

“…This improves both aesthetics and function, with improved patient quality of life (8,9). In growing patients, conventional prostheses may have a negative effect (8), with an adverse psychological impact for the patients (5).…”

“…Ectodermal dysplasia in turn comprises a group of genetic disorders including congenital defects of two or more ectodermal structures such as the skin, hair, nails, nerve cells, sweat glands and parts of the eyes and ears (4)(5)(6)(7). These patients present severe oligodontia or anodontia -dental implants being the treatment of choice in both adults and in patients during the growth phase (8,9). Hereditary epidermolysis bullosa comprises a group of hereditary diseases of the skin and mucosal membranes, characterized by the development of blisters and vesicles in response to minimum friction or trauma (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17).…”