Oral Vaccination with a DNA Vaccine Encoding Capsid Protein of Duck Tembusu Virus Induces Protection Immunity

Huang, Juan; Shen, Haoyue; Jia, Renyong; Wang, Mingshu; Chen, Shun; Zhu, Dekang; Liu, Mafeng; Zhao, Xinxin; Yang, Qiao; Wu, Ying; Liu, Yunya; Zhang, Ling; Yin, Zhongqiong; Jing, Bo; Cheng, Anchun

doi:10.3390/v10040180

Cited by 25 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…To date, the categories of DTMUV vaccine are various, including inactivated vaccines [ 53 , 54 ], attenuated live vaccines [ 55 , 56 ], and DNA vaccines [ 57 – 59 ]. This disease still occurs in some duck farms due to lack of immunization or immunization failure, although there are several commercial inactivated and attenuated live vaccines in China.…”

Section: Overview Of Dtmuvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innate immune responses to duck Tembusu virus infection

Zhao

Yang

et al. 2020

Vet Res

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The disease caused by duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) is characterized by severe egg-drop in laying ducks. Currently, the disease has spread to most duck-raising areas in China, leading to great economic losses in the duck industry. In the recent years, DTMUV has raised some concerns, because of its expanding host range and increasing pathogenicity, as well as the potential threat to public health. Innate immunity is crucial for defending against invading pathogens in the early stages of infection. Recently, studies on the interaction between DTMUV and host innate immune response have made great progress. In the review, we provide an overview of DTMUV and summarize current advances in our understanding of the interaction between DTMUV and innate immunity, including the host innate immune responses to DTMUV infection through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), signaling transducer molecules, interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), and the immune evasion strategies employed by DTMUV. The aim of the review is to gain an in-depth understanding of DTMUV pathogenesis to facilitate future studies.

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Section: Overview Of Dtmuvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innate immune responses to duck Tembusu virus infection

Zhao

Yang

et al. 2020

Vet Res

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“…Great progress has been made in the study of the etiology, molecular biology, and immunological characteristics of DTMUV [9], and the use of vaccines has decreased the incidence of DTMUV [10]. Factors such as immune failure and immunosuppression often lead to an epidemic of DTMUV [11], and there are no effective antiviral drugs available in china.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Avian Flavivirus Enters BHK-21 Cells by a Low pH-Dependent Endosomal Pathway

Baloch

Liu

Liang

et al. 2019

Viruses

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Duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV), a pathogenic member of the Flavivirus family, was first discovered in the coastal provinces of South-Eastern China in 2010. Many previous reports have clearly shown that some Flaviviruses utilize several endocytic pathways to enter the host cells, however, the detailed mechanism of DTMUV entry into BHK-21 cells, which is usually employed to produce commercial veterinary vaccines for DTMUV, as well as of other Flaviviruses by serial passages, is still unknown. In this study, DTMUV entry into BHK-21 cells was found to be inhibited by noncytotoxic concentrations of the agents chloroquine, NH 4 Cl, and Bafilomycin A1, which blocked the acidification of the endosomes. Inactivation of virions by acid pretreatment is a hallmark of viruses that utilize a low-pH-mediated entry pathway. Exposure of DTMUV virions to pH 5.0 in the absence of host cell membranes decreased entry into cells by 65%. Furthermore, DTMUV infection was significantly decreased by chlorpromazine treatment, or by knockdown of the clathrin heavy chain (CHC) through RNA interference, which suggested that DTMUV entry depends on clathrin. Taken together, these findings highlight that a low endosomal pH is an important route of entry for DTMUV.

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“…Therefore, there may also be promise in a subunit vaccine containing a viral antigen, such as soluble capsid protein. This has been observed in immunization of ducks for Duck Tembusu virus, a new member of the Flavivirus genus [97]. Although the capsid protein is not exposed on the surface of flaviviral particles, the protein may elicit both an adaptive and innate immune response.…”

Section: Considering Capsid In Flavivirus Vaccine Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Flavivirus Capsid Protein Functions: The Tip of the Iceberg

Sotcheff

Routh

2020

Pathogens

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Flaviviruses are enveloped positive-sense single-stranded RNA arboviruses, infectious to humans and many other animals and are transmitted primarily via tick or mosquito vectors. Capsid is the primary structural protein to interact with viral genome within virus particles and is therefore necessary for efficient packaging. However, in cells, capsid interacts with many proteins and nucleic acids and we are only beginning to understand the broad range of functions of flaviviral capsids. It is known that capsid dimers interact with the membrane of lipid droplets, aiding in both viral packaging and storage of capsid prior to packaging. However, capsid dimers can bind a range of nucleic acid templates in vitro, and likely interact with a range of targets during the flavivirus lifecycle. Capsid may interact with host RNAs, resulting in altered RNA splicing and RNA transcription. Capsid may also bind short interfering-RNAs and has been proposed to sequester these species to protect flaviviruses from the invertebrate siRNA pathways. Capsid can also be found in the nucleolus, where it wreaks havoc on ribosome biogenesis. Here we review flavivirus capsid structure, nucleic acid interactions and how these give rise to multiple functions. We also discuss how these features might be exploited either in the design of effective antivirals or novel vaccine strategies.

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Oral Vaccination with a DNA Vaccine Encoding Capsid Protein of Duck Tembusu Virus Induces Protection Immunity

Cited by 25 publications

References 50 publications

Innate immune responses to duck Tembusu virus infection

Innate immune responses to duck Tembusu virus infection

Avian Flavivirus Enters BHK-21 Cells by a Low pH-Dependent Endosomal Pathway

Understanding Flavivirus Capsid Protein Functions: The Tip of the Iceberg

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