ORALVEQ: External quality assessment scheme of drugs of abuse in oral fluid

Ventura, Montserrat Carbonell; Ventura, Rosa; Pichini, Simona; Leal, Sonia; Zuccaro, Piergiorgio; Pacifici, Roberta; Langohr, Klaus; Torre, Rafael de la

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2008.09.016

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…[5,6] It should be noted that two key variables in oral fluid analysis are not considered in the program:…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The aim of the proficiency-testing scheme was to ensure that the quality and comparability of the results from all laboratories. In the past, similar programs have been organized: UKNEQAS (United Kingdom National External Quality Assessment Scheme) was the first to publish interlaboratory results [5], followed by ORALVEQ [6,7] and the ROSITA-2 project. [8] None of these existing programs could however be used for the DRUID project since tests had to be adapted to the DRUID core list of analytes and cut-offs.…”

Section: Druid (Driving Under the Influence Of Drugs Alcohol And Medmentioning

confidence: 99%

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External quality assessment of multi-analyte chromatographic methods in oral fluid

Pil

Esposito

Verstraete

2010

Clinica Chimica Acta

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Methods: Qualitative results were evaluated using sensitivity and specificity. Quantitative results were evaluated using z-scores and the standard deviation of Horwitz.Results: Specificity was above 99% in each round, sensitivity per analyte varied between 81.7 and 100%, 20 out of 22 analytes had a sensitivity above 90%. The percentage of satisfactory z-scores increased from 79.4% to 89.2%. This trend was seen for all drug classes, except zopiclone. Results were discussed with participating laboratories and problems were addressed.Conclusions: Because of these corrective actions, DRUID laboratories have a lower variation in results than previously published PT schemes in oral fluid.

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“…[5,6] It should be noted that two key variables in oral fluid analysis are not considered in the program:…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Druid (Driving Under the Influence Of Drugs Alcohol And Medmentioning

confidence: 99%

External quality assessment of multi-analyte chromatographic methods in oral fluid

Pil

Esposito

Verstraete

2010

Clinica Chimica Acta

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“…In the final round, very low rates of false negative (0.9%) and false positives (0.4%) were reported 27. In addition, the UK offers an oral fluid proficiency testing scheme, UKNEQAS; and an oral fluid program from Italy, OralVeq, has been available for several years 28…”

Section: Other Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[27] In addition, the UK offers an oral fluid proficiency testing scheme, UKNEQAS; and an oral fluid program from Italy, OralVeq, has been available for several years. [28] All reports from proficiency programmes show that experience in testing is the key to excellent analytical performance. Since all the physical collection devices, assays, and instrumentation required are now widely available, proficient oral fluid analysis should be achievable by testing laboratories.…”

Section: Proficiency Programmesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral fluid for workplace drug testing: Laboratory implementation

Moore

2011

Drug Testing and Analysis

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As oral fluid increases in popularity for workplace testing, due to its easy and observed collection, the ability to adapt existing laboratory instrumentation without further capital investment will allow more facilities to test oral fluid. The European Workplace Drug Testing Society (EWDTS) guidelines for oral fluid testing outline the maximum cut-off concentrations acceptable under the workplace drug testing programme. The recommended cut-off values may be subject to change as advances in technology or other considerations warrant identification of these substances at different concentrations; however, the instrumentation currently exists for routine screening using immunoassay and confirmation by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) or liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectral detection (LC-MS/MS) so laboratories can easily implement oral fluid analysis in their current systems. Immunoassays for the detection of the drug classes at recommended levels have been developed using various collection devices and different formats: liquid reagent chemistries and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) platforms. Immunoassays provide faster turnaround than mass spectral methods particularly when the number of specimens increases. Since the guidelines state that positive immunoassay results should not be reported without confirmation, fully validated methods using LC-MS/MS and/or GC-MS for all drugs are also widely available. All proposed concentrations are easily achievable using MS instruments currently in testing laboratories; however, the likelihood of a low number of positive specimens in workplace populations allows the test facility to screen specimens in a cost-effective manner using immunoassay, while ensuring scientific credibility and defensibility by confirming the positive results with a second test.

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“…In recent years several PT programs for drugs of abuse in oral fluid have started [14][15][16]. For DRUID, a new program was specifically designed and organized by RTI International (Research Triangle Park, NC, USA): five samples of 1.5 mL of synthetic oral fluid (spiked with the 'core list' analytes) are distributed to all DRUID laboratories every 6 months.…”

Section: Proficiency Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%