Orbital emphysema – the need for surgical intervention

Morphological characteristics and clinical manifestations of orbital emphysema caused by isolated medial orbital wall fractures

“…These findings may help elucidate a more detailed mechanism to explain the development and consequences of orbital emphysema than previous understandings. 8 It may be that air from the paranasal sinus first enters into the medial extraconal orbital segments, and migrates to the superior extraconal orbital space by the force of gravity. If more forceful air pressure is generated, the air can infiltrate into superior, inferior, or lateral extraconal orbital segments, and extraconal orbital air can also enter into the intraconal space if the intermuscular septum is disrupted.…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Although some orbital emphysema cases with severe complications were reported, there has been no study that analyzed large case series of orbital emphysema. [8][9][10][11] The present study investigated the morphological characteristics and clinical manifestations of orbital emphysema in patients with isolated medial orbital wall fractures. This study included orbital wall fractures with only medial wall, to simplify the effect of emphysema on the clinical manifestations of orbital wall fractures.…”

Ocular and periocular injuries associated with an isolated orbital fracture depending on a blunt cranial trauma: Anatomical and surgical aspects

“…Orbital emphysema is a recognized complication of fractures of the orbit and rarely poses a threat to vision. Clinical awareness of pneumo-orbitism is vital as immediate orbital decompression may be necessary to preserve visual function (Key et al, 2008). Orbital emphysema tends to develop in fractures affecting the paranasal sinuses and walls of the orbit (García de Marcos et al, 2008).…”

European Maxillofacial Trauma (EURMAT) project: A multicentre and prospective study

“…Therefore, several European centres that had already shown research experience in maxillofacial trauma decided to collaborate on a prospective multicentre study on facial fracture epidemiology in Europe (Skjelbred, 1992;Uglesi c et al, 1993;Tamme et al, 2004;Vesnaver et al, 2005;Holmes et al, 2006;Bakardjiev and Pechalova, 2007;Galteland and Skjelbred, 2007;Malanchuk and Kopchak, 2007;Key et al, 2008;Laverick et al, 2008;Vesnaver, 2008;Gerbino et al, 2009a,b;Laverick et al, 2009;Konstantinovi c et al, 2010;Brajdi c et al, 2011;Holmes, 2011;Lekven et al, 2011;van den Bergh et al, 2011van den Bergh et al, , 2012aAhmad et al, 2012;Al-Qamachi et al, 2012;Dediol, 2012;Kokemueller et al, 2012;Vesnaver et al, 2012;Boffano et al, 2013a,b, Boffano et al, 2014aCorre et al, 2013;McAllister et al, 2013). The purpose of this study was to analyse the demographics, causes and characteristics of maxillofacial fractures managed at several European departments of oral and maxillofacial surgery.…”