Orchid Biotechnology in Production and Improvement

Mudalige, Rasika G.; Kuehnle, Adelheid R.

doi:10.21273/hortsci.39.1.11

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…GA promotes fl ower development in Arabidopsis by inhibiting the DELLA repressor proteins and increasing the expression of fl oral homeotic genes, APETALA3 (AP3), PISTILLATA (PI) and AGAMOUS (AG) (Yu et al, 2004). MADSbox genes, which are often associated with the fl oral transition of the meristem, have been isolated from Aranda 'Deborah' using AG as a probe (Lu et al, 1993) and by differential display analysis in Dendrobium Goh, 2000a, 2000b; reviewed in Mudalige and Kuehnle, 2004) suggesting a similar GA pathway found in Arabidopsis may exist in orchids.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gibberellic Acid and Benzyladenine Promote Early Flowering and Vegetative Growth of Miltoniopsis Orchid Hybrids

Matsumoto¹

2006

HortSci

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Flowering of Miltoniopsis orchids is influenced by a combination of cool temperatures and short photoperiod. To determine if application of plant growth regulators could promote flowering without the need for costly structural modification to control photoperiod or temperature, we used drenches of gibberellic acid (GA3) (2.5 or 5 mm), N6-benzyladenine (BA) (25 or 50 mm) alone or in combination. BA (25 or 50 mm) treatments promoted new vegetative shoots and decreased the number of plants with inflorescences compared to the untreated control plants. This reduction of flowering and increased vegetative shoot production was alleviated by the addition of GA3 in combination with BA. However, the number of plants with inflorescences remained less than the control. GA3 hastened Miltoniopsis inflorescence emergence during the first flowering season by 10.9 to 14.9 days for Bert Field `Eileen' and by 48.7 days for Rouge `Akatsuka'. The number of `Eileen' inflorescences produced per plant increased from 2.2 to 3.0 with 2.5 mm GA3 treatment. Flower deformities were not observed in the GA3 treated plants, and flower size and inflorescence length were unaffected by the GA3 treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gibberellic Acid and Benzyladenine Promote Early Flowering and Vegetative Growth of Miltoniopsis Orchid Hybrids

Matsumoto¹

2006

HortSci

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“…The unusual color combinations in Oncidium species and hybrids make them attractive for chemical and molecular genetic analysis, especially for comparison with other orchids once the molecular database on orchid floral traits expands. Although molecular characterization of orchids is increasing (Kuehnle 1997;Mudalige and Kuehnle 2004), it still lags considerably behind other flower crops.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Color genes in the orchid Oncidium Gower Ramsey: identification, expression, and potential genetic instability in an interspecific cross

Hieber

Mudalige-Jayawickrama

Kuehnle

2005

Planta

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Orchids are one of the most unique and evolved of flowering plants, with many being valuable floricultural crops. Spatial localization of pigments within the flower of the commercially important bi-color Oncidium Gower Ramsey demonstrated a mixture of carotenoids and anthocyanins concentrated in the adaxial epidermis. Chromatography identified the predominant yellow pigment to be an equal mixture of all-trans and 9-cis isomers of violaxanthin, with esterification specific to the 9-cis isomer. Red ornamentation was comprised of the anthocyanins cyanidin and its methylated derivate, peonidin. Five key pigment biosynthesis genes encoding dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR), phytoene synthase (PSY), phytoene desaturase, carotenoid isomerase, and the downstream 9-cis epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase were isolated and their expression profiles determined. Northern analyses showed both phytoene desaturase and carotenoid isomerase expression to be up-regulated in floral tissue relative to leaves whereas PSY was not. Three closely related DFR genes were isolated, including one with an insertion in the 3' coding region. DFR expression occurred throughout flower development in Oncidium, unlike in Dendrobium and Bromheadia orchids. A number of the isolated anthocyanin and carotenoid genes showed variations due to insertion events. These findings raise questions about the genetic stability in interspecific crosses in orchids, such as the tri-specific Oncidium Gower Ramsey.

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“…Nucleotide sequences for any fl ower color genes of Dendrobium, a major commercial orchid, are lacking in accessible databases [CHS was reported as cloned in abstract only in (Yong and Chua, 1990)]. Genes encoding CHS, DFR and fl avanone 3hydroxylase have been isolated from other orchids (reviewed in Mudalige and Kuehnle, 2004). Our objective was to isolate the genes encoding CHS and DFR from Dendrobium and to characterize their expression patterns.…”

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Cloning and Characterization of Two Anthocyanin Biosynthetic Genes from Dendrobium Orchid

Mudalige-Jayawickrama¹,

Champagne²,

Hieber³

et al. 2005

jashs

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Two full-length cDNA clones, Den-CHS-4 and Den-DFR-1, encoding chalcone synthase (CHS) and dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR) were obtained from flower bud RNA of a lavender cyanidin-accumulating Dendrobium Sw. hybrid using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Northern analyses indicated that both genes are expressed in all developmental stages of buds, with highest expression in the medium-sized buds. RT-PCR analyses showed that DFR expression was confined to floral tissue while CHS was expressed in floral and vegetative tissues but not in pseudobulbs. The nucleotide sequence of a DFR clone isolated from a pale orange pelargonidin-accumulating Dendrobium hybrid was exactly the same as Den-DFR-1, ruling out the substrate specificity of DFR as a possible cause of the color difference.

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Orchid Biotechnology in Production and Improvement

Cited by 13 publications

References 38 publications

Gibberellic Acid and Benzyladenine Promote Early Flowering and Vegetative Growth of Miltoniopsis Orchid Hybrids

Gibberellic Acid and Benzyladenine Promote Early Flowering and Vegetative Growth of Miltoniopsis Orchid Hybrids

Color genes in the orchid Oncidium Gower Ramsey: identification, expression, and potential genetic instability in an interspecific cross

Cloning and Characterization of Two Anthocyanin Biosynthetic Genes from Dendrobium Orchid

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