Orchid epiphytes do not receive organic substances from living trees through fungi

Eskov, A. K.; Voronina, Elena; Tedersoo, Leho; Tiunov, Alexei V.; Manh, Vu Quang; Prilepsky, Nikolay G.; Антипина, В. А.; Elumeeva, Tatiana G.; Abakumov, Evgeny; Онипченко, В. Г.

doi:10.1007/s00572-020-00980-w

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Since orchid-OMF interactions are of a higher order due to the presence of abundant phorophytes in epiphytic orchids, equilibrium dynamics underlying their mutual selection are complicated. More scenarios need to be considered to address this problem though a recent study has shown that phorophytes and epiphytic orchids harbor different fungal communities (Eskov et al, 2020). Moreover, there should be greater focus on the fungal taxa associated with epiphytic orchids, epiphytic niches, and accompanying plants as well as their mutual selection mechanisms.…”

Section: A Framework For How Omf Affect the Distribution And Population Dynamics Of Orchidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Mycorrhizal Associations Influence Orchid Distribution and Population Dynamics

Yang

et al. 2021

Front. Plant Sci.

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Orchid distribution and population dynamics are influenced by a variety of ecological factors and the formation of holobionts, which play key roles in colonization and ecological community construction. Seed germination, seedling establishment, reproduction, and survival of orchid species are strongly dependent on orchid mycorrhizal fungi (OMF), with mycorrhizal cheating increasingly observed in photosynthetic orchids. Therefore, changes in the composition and abundance of OMF can have profound effects on orchid distribution and fitness. Network analysis is an important tool for the study of interactions between plants, microbes, and the environment, because of the insights that it can provide into the interactions and coexistence patterns among species. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview, systematically describing the current research status of the effects of OMF on orchid distribution and dynamics, phylogenetic signals in orchid–OMF interactions, and OMF networks. We argue that orchid–OMF associations exhibit complementary and specific effects that are highly adapted to their environment. Such specificity of associations may affect the niche breadth of orchid species and act as a stabilizing force in plant–microbe coevolution. We postulate that network analysis is required to elucidate the functions of fungal partners beyond their effects on germination and growth. Such studies may lend insight into the microbial ecology of orchids and provide a scientific basis for the protection of orchids under natural conditions in an efficient and cost-effective manner.

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Section: A Framework For How Omf Affect the Distribution And Population Dynamics Of Orchidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Mycorrhizal Associations Influence Orchid Distribution and Population Dynamics

Yang

et al. 2021

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…Thus, future work using primers that are not biased towards Tulasnellaceae is needed. While bark is not a carbon source for orchids (Eskov et al, 2020), it is the likely source of the OMF that epiphytic orchids need for establishment including seed germination and seedling growth (Rasmussen et al, 2015). Pellitier et al (2019) documented that tree bark can serve as an environmental filter for the fungal communities available to epiphytic orchids.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of these findings were established for terrestrial orchids, with investigations of epiphytic orchids still pending (Li et al, 2021). Recently, studies have investigated fungal communities in the bark of phorophytes of epiphytic orchids, which providing insights into phorophyte specificity and spatial distribution of epiphytic orchids (Izuddin et al, 2019;Eskov et al, 2020;Pecoraro et al, 2021;Petrolli et al, 2021Petrolli et al, , 2022. Eskov et al (2020) further explored OMF and revealed that fungi colonizing epiphytic orchid roots were significantly different from the phorophytes' branches.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, studies have investigated fungal communities in the bark of phorophytes of epiphytic orchids, which providing insights into phorophyte specificity and spatial distribution of epiphytic orchids (Izuddin et al, 2019;Eskov et al, 2020;Pecoraro et al, 2021;Petrolli et al, 2021Petrolli et al, , 2022. Eskov et al (2020) further explored OMF and revealed that fungi colonizing epiphytic orchid roots were significantly different from the phorophytes' branches. Pecoraro et al (2021) studied the phorophyte specificity of two epiphytic orchid species, as well as the environmental factors influencing the relationship between the orchids and their phorophytes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diversity and specificity of orchid mycorrhizal fungi in a leafless epiphytic orchid, Dendrophylax lindenii and the potential role of fungi in shaping its fine-scale distribution

et al. 2023

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Orchids grow in diverse habitats worldwide with most (approximately 69%) growing on trees as epiphytes. Although orchid mycorrhizal fungi have been identified as potential drivers for terrestrial orchid distribution, the influence of these fungi on the fine-scale distribution of epiphytic orchids is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the mycorrhizal fungal community and fine-scale distribution of Dendrophylax lindenii, a rare and endangered epiphytic orchid that is leafless when mature. We used amplicon sequencing to investigate the composition of orchid mycorrhizal fungi in the roots of 39 D. lindenii individuals in their natural habitat, the swamps of Florida. We compared the orchid mycorrhizal fungi of D. lindenii to those of co-occurring epiphytic orchids, as well as to the orchid mycorrhizal fungal communities of bark from potential host trees, with and without D. lindenii. Our results show that D. lindenii has a high specificity for a single Ceratobasidium species, which is widely distributed on phorophytes and detected in both wet and dry periods in the orchid’s habitat. This Ceratobasidium species was mostly absent or only recorded in low frequency in the roots of co-occurring epiphytic orchids. Phylogenetic analysis documented that this Ceratobasidium was conspecific with the strain that is used to germinate D. lindenii ex-situ. However, our findings suggest that laboratory germinated adult D. lindenii transplanted into the field had lower read abundances of this Ceratobasidium compared to naturally occurring plants. These findings suggest that this orchid mycorrhizal fungus may play a significant role in the fine-scale distribution of naturally occurring D. lindenii.

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“…While bark has been commonly studied in the context of diseases (e.g. Arrigoni et al ., 2020), it has only very recently been regarded as a niche for other fungal guilds (Izuddin et al ., 2019; Eskov et al ., 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A fine‐scale spatial analysis of fungal communities on tropical tree bark unveils the epiphytic rhizosphere in orchids

et al. 2021

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Approximately 10% of vascular plants are epiphytes and, even though this has long been ignored in past research, can interact with a variety of fungi, including mycorrhizal ones. However, the structure of fungal communities on bark, as well as their relationship with epiphytic plants, is largely unknown.• To fill this gap, we conducted environmental metabarcoding of ITS-2 region to understand the spatial structure of fungal communities of the bark of tropical trees, with a focus on epiphytic orchid mycorrhizal fungi, and tested the influence of root proximity.• For all guilds, including orchid mycorrhizal fungi, fungal communities were more similar when spatially closed on bark, i.e., displayed positive spatial autocorrelation.They also showed distance decay of similarity from epiphytic roots, meaning that their composition on bark increasingly differed, compared to roots, with distance from roots.• We first showed that all the investigated fungal guilds presented a spatial structure at very small scales. This spatial structure was influenced by the roots of epiphytic plants, suggesting the existence of an epiphytic rhizosphere. Finally, we showed that orchid mycorrhizal fungi were aggregated around them, possibly resulting from a reciprocal influence between the mycorrhizal partners.

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Orchid epiphytes do not receive organic substances from living trees through fungi

Cited by 6 publications

References 47 publications

How Mycorrhizal Associations Influence Orchid Distribution and Population Dynamics

How Mycorrhizal Associations Influence Orchid Distribution and Population Dynamics

Diversity and specificity of orchid mycorrhizal fungi in a leafless epiphytic orchid, Dendrophylax lindenii and the potential role of fungi in shaping its fine-scale distribution

A fine‐scale spatial analysis of fungal communities on tropical tree bark unveils the epiphytic rhizosphere in orchids

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