Orchid floral volatiles: Biosynthesis genes and transcriptional regulations

Ramya, Mummadireddy; An, Hye Ryun; Baek, Yun Su; Reddy, Kondreddy Eswar; Park, Pue Hee

doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2017.12.049

Cited by 24 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…The monoterpenes linalool, ocimene, and linalool oxide are the major scent components of Vanda Mini Palmer flowers (Mohd-Hairul et al, 2010). The floral scent in orchids is closely related to flower development stages and is vital for pollination ecology (Ramya et al, 2018). Isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) are precursors of terpene formation, and they are generated by cytosolic mevalonate acid (MVA) and the plastid methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathways (Dudareva et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Terpene Synthase Genes in Cymbidium faberi

et al. 2021

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Terpene synthases (TPSs) are essential for forming terpenes, which play numerous functional roles in attracting pollinators, defending plants, and moderating the interaction between plants. TPSs have been reported in some orchids, but genome-wide identification of terpenes in Cymbidium faberi is still lacking. In this study, 32 putative TPS genes were classified in C. faberi and divided into three subfamilies (TPS-a, TPS-b, and TPS-e/f). Motif and gene structure analysis revealed that most CfTPS genes had the conserved aspartate-rich DDxxD motif. TPS genes in the TPS-a and TPS-b subfamilies had variations in the RRX8W motif. Most cis-elements of CfTPS genes were found in the phytohormone responsiveness category, and MYC contained most of the numbers associated with MeJA responsiveness. The Ka/Ks ratios of 12/13 CfTPS gene pairs were less than one, indicated that most CfTPS genes have undergone negative selection. The tissue-specific expression patterns showed that 28 genes were expressed in at least one tissue in C. faberi, and TPS genes were most highly expressed in flowers, followed by leaves and pseudobulbs. In addition, four CfTPS genes were selected for the real-time reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) experiment. The results revealed that CfTPS12, CfTPS18, CfTPS23, and CfTPS28 were mainly expressed in the full flowering stage. CfTPS18 could convert GPP to β-myrcene, geraniol, and α-pinene in vitro. These findings of CfTPS genes of C. faberi may provide valuable information for further studies on TPSs in orchids.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Terpene Synthase Genes in Cymbidium faberi

et al. 2021

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“…These VOCs appear to make up the unique scent of J. sambac flowers. Generally, plant VOC biosynthesis is regulated by many genes and gene families 20,29 . For example, the terpenoids are biosynthesized via TPS-dependent pathways 30 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The jasmine (Jasminum sambac) genome and flower fragrances

Chen

Mostafa

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Jasminum sambac, a world-renowned plant appreciated for its exceptional flower fragrance, is of cultural and economic importance. However, the genetic basis of its fragrance is largely unknown. Here, we present the first de novo genome of J. sambac with 550.12 Mb (scaffold N50 = 40.1 Mb) assembled into 13 pseudochromosomes. Terpene synthase genes associated with flower fragrance are significantly amplified in the form of gene clusters through tandem duplications in the genome. Eleven homolog genes within the SABATH super-family were identified as related to phenylpropanoid/benzenoid compounds. Several key genes regulating jasmonate biosynthesis were duplicated causing increased copy numbers. Furthermore, multi-omics analyses identified various aromatic compounds and the key genes involved in fragrance biosynthesis pathways. Our genome of J. sambac offers a basic genetic resource for studying floral scent biosynthesis and provides an essential foundation for functional genomic research and variety improvements in Jasminum.

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“…This TF belonging to R2R3 family upregulates the early steps of phenylpropanoid/benzenoid biosynthesis (Liu et al, 2015). R2R3 TFs has also been reported to enhance aroma production by regulating the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoids in tomato, maize and other scented flowering plants (Jian et al, 2019;Liu et al, 2015;Ramya et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Floral maturation and changing air temperatures influence scent volatiles biosynthesis and emission in Jasminum auriculatum Vahl.

Barman

Mitra

2020

Preprint

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Benzenoid and terpenoid volatiles are the major compounds contributing to the unique floral scent of Jasminum auriculatum. Biosynthesis and emission of specialized scent metabolites showed maturation stage specific pattern; maximum scent emission was observed when flowers start unfurling and become fully opened under in situ condition. The activities of volatile biosynthesizing enzymes and expressions of several scent-related genes correlated well with the fragrance emission patterns. We also assessed the impact of varying air temperatures (20°C, 25°C, 30°C and 35°C) on the metabolism as well as vaporization of scent volatiles. The contents of both emitted and endogenous volatiles were higher at either 25°C or 30°C and showed relatively lower amounts at both border-range temperatures (20°C and 35°C). Further, the activities of key pathway enzymes and expressions of several scent-related genes under varying temperatures exhibited similar trends with the scent emission patterns. Analysis of non-volatile metabolite contents from flowers grown under different air temperatures suggests a perturbation occurring in the primary metabolism and immediate precursors of scent compounds. The knowledge base created through these studies shall be helpful in improving the yield of floral scent production from such horticulturally important plants in controlled cultivation systems.

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Orchid floral volatiles: Biosynthesis genes and transcriptional regulations

Cited by 24 publications

References 90 publications

Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Terpene Synthase Genes in Cymbidium faberi

Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Terpene Synthase Genes in Cymbidium faberi

The jasmine (Jasminum sambac) genome and flower fragrances

Floral maturation and changing air temperatures influence scent volatiles biosynthesis and emission in Jasminum auriculatum Vahl.

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