ORCHILEAK (revision 3875): a new model branch to simulate carbon transfers along the terrestrial–aquatic continuum of the Amazon basin

Lauerwald, Ronny; Regnier, Pierre; Camino‐Serrano, Marta; Guenet, Bertrand; Guimberteau, Matthieu; Ducharne, Agnès; Polcher, Jan; Ciais, Philippe

doi:10.5194/gmd-10-3821-2017

Cited by 54 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 89 publications

(161 reference statements)

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“…It could also be due to the high value of DOC input from rainfall, which is not represented in JULES-DOCM (Liu and Sheu, 2003). Recent studies have indicated that including this flux in models can have a significant impact on the DOC in soil (Lauerwald et al, 2017).…”

Section: Measurements Versus Model Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Representation of dissolved organic carbon in the JULES land surface model (vn4.4_JULES-DOCM)

et al. 2018

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Abstract. Current global models of the carbon (C) cycle consider only vertical gas exchanges between terrestrial or oceanic reservoirs and the atmosphere, thus not considering the lateral transport of carbon from the continents to the oceans. Therefore, those models implicitly consider all of the C which is not respired to the atmosphere to be stored on land and hence overestimate the land C sink capability. A model that represents the whole continuum from atmosphere to land and into the ocean would provide a better understanding of the Earth's C cycle and hence more reliable historical or future projections. A first and critical step in that direction is to include processes representing the production and export of dissolved organic carbon in soils. Here we present an original representation of dissolved organic C (DOC) processes in the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES-DOCM) that integrates a representation of DOC production in terrestrial ecosystems based on the incomplete decomposition of organic matter, DOC decomposition within the soil column, and DOC export to the river network via leaching. The model performance is evaluated in five specific sites for which observations of soil DOC concentration are available. Results show that the model is able to reproduce the DOC concentration and controlling processes, including leaching to the riverine system, which is fundamental for integrating terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Future work should include the fate of exported DOC in the river system as well as DIC and POC export from soil.

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Section: Measurements Versus Model Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Representation of dissolved organic carbon in the JULES land surface model (vn4.4_JULES-DOCM)

et al. 2018

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“…For instance, the DOC coming from throughfall is not represented in ORCHIDEE-SOM, although it is a substantial source of soil DOC in tropical ecosystems (Lauerwald et al, 2017). Furthermore, the use of the hydrological module ORC11, which implies free drainage in the bottom layer, currently limits the representation of more humid ecosystems, such as wetlands or peatlands where shallow water tables are present, and needs to be addressed in the near future.…”

Section: Model Limitations and Further Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8). Once the soil module in ORCHIDEE-SOM is optimized for large-scale simulations and linked to the existing DOC river scheme (Lauerwald et al, 2017), it will improve the predictions of SOC vulnerability to climate change and the predictions of the present and future contribution of aquatic continuum fluxes to the global C cycle, thus improving the allocation of terrestrial and ocean C sinks.…”

Section: Model Limitations and Further Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, throughfall (precipitation minus interception loss) is partitioned between soil evaporation, infiltration into the soil and surface runoff that is assumed to be produced by infiltration excess. The infiltration rate depends on precipitation rates, local slope, and vegetation and is limited by the hydraulic conductivity of the soil, which defines a Hortonian surface runoff (d 'Orgeval et al, 2008;Lauerwald et al, 2017). Soil evaporation is calculated assuming that it can proceed at the potential rate unless water becomes limiting.…”

Section: Advectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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ORCHIDEE-SOM: modeling soil organic carbon (SOC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) dynamics along vertical soil profiles in Europe

et al. 2018

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Abstract. Current land surface models (LSMs) typically represent soils in a very simplistic way, assuming soil organic carbon (SOC) as a bulk, and thus impeding a correct representation of deep soil carbon dynamics. Moreover, LSMs generally neglect the production and export of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from soils to rivers, leading to overestimations of the potential carbon sequestration on land. This common oversimplified processing of SOC in LSMs is partly responsible for the large uncertainty in the predictions of the soil carbon response to climate change. In this study, we present a new soil carbon module called ORCHIDEE-SOM, embedded within the land surface model ORCHIDEE, which is able to reproduce the DOC and SOC dynamics in a vertically discretized soil to 2 m. The model includes processes of biological production and consumption of SOC and DOC, DOC adsorption on and desorption from soil minerals, diffusion of SOC and DOC, and DOC transport with water through and out of the soils to rivers. We evaluated ORCHIDEE-SOM against observations of DOC concentrations and SOC stocks from four European sites with different vegetation covers: a coniferous forest, a deciduous forest, a grassland, and a cropland. The model was able to reproduce the SOC stocks along their vertical profiles at the four sites and the DOC concentrations within the range of measurements, with the exception of the DOC concentrations in the upper soil horizon at the coniferous forest. However, the Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. 938M. Camino-Serrano et al.: ORCHIDEE-SOM model was not able to fully capture the temporal dynamics of DOC concentrations. Further model improvements should focus on a plant-and depth-dependent parameterization of the new input model parameters, such as the turnover times of DOC and the microbial carbon use efficiency. We suggest that this new soil module, when parameterized for global simulations, will improve the representation of the global carbon cycle in LSMs, thus helping to constrain the predictions of the future SOC response to global warming.

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“…For example, infiltration of meltwater into frozen soil could be permitted when accounting for sub-grid-scale variability of topsoil freezing and drying which would enhance infiltration (Gray et al, 2001). Other perspectives are the improvement of the floodplain parameterization in ORCHIDEE-MICT (Lauerwald et al, 2017) and the inclusion of natural lakes and artificial reservoirs.…”

Section: River Dischargementioning

confidence: 99%

ORCHIDEE-MICT (v8.4.1), a land surface model for the high latitudes: model description and validation

et al. 2018

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Abstract. The high-latitude regions of the Northern Hemisphere are a nexus for the interaction between land surface physical properties and their exchange of carbon and energy with the atmosphere. At these latitudes, two carbon pools of planetary significance -those of the permanently frozen soils (permafrost), and of the great expanse of boreal forestare vulnerable to destabilization in the face of currently observed climatic warming, the speed and intensity of which are expected to increase with time. Improved projections of future Arctic and boreal ecosystem transformation require improved land surface models that integrate processes specific to these cold biomes. To this end, this study lays out relevant new parameterizations in the ORCHIDEE-MICT land surface model. These describe the interactions between soil carbon, soil temperature and hydrology, and their resulting feedbacks on water and CO 2 fluxes, in addition to a recently developed fire module. Outputs from ORCHIDEE-MICT, when forced by two climate input datasets, are extensively evaluated against (i) temperature gradients between the atmosphere and deep soils, (ii) the hydrological components comprising the water balance of the largest highlatitude basins, and (iii) CO 2 flux and carbon stock observations. The model performance is good with respect to empirical data, despite a simulated excessive plant water stress andPublished by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. 122M. Guimberteau et al.: ORCHIDEE-MICT, a LSM for the high latitudes a positive land surface temperature bias. In addition, acute model sensitivity to the choice of input forcing data suggests that the calibration of model parameters is strongly forcingdependent. Overall, we suggest that this new model design is at the forefront of current efforts to reliably estimate future perturbations to the high-latitude terrestrial environment.

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ORCHILEAK (revision 3875): a new model branch to simulate carbon transfers along the terrestrial–aquatic continuum of the Amazon basin

Cited by 54 publications

References 89 publications

Representation of dissolved organic carbon in the JULES land surface model (vn4.4_JULES-DOCM)

Representation of dissolved organic carbon in the JULES land surface model (vn4.4_JULES-DOCM)

ORCHIDEE-SOM: modeling soil organic carbon (SOC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) dynamics along vertical soil profiles in Europe

ORCHIDEE-MICT (v8.4.1), a land surface model for the high latitudes: model description and validation

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