Order/disorder in electrodeposited aluminum-titanium alloys

Stafford, Gery R.; Tsuda, Tetsuya; Hussey, Charles L.

doi:10.2298/jmmb0302023s

Cited by 19 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…This behavior simply reflects the fact that the anionic speciation in these ILs varies with the components' ratio. A large variety of metals and their alloys that cannot electrodeposit in conventional aqueous or organic solvents, e.g., Al, [102][103][104][105][106][107][108] Li, [109][110][111][112][113][114][115] Na, [109,[111][112][113]116,117] La, [114] AlÀMg, [118] AlÀTi, [119][120][121] AlÀZr, [122] AlÀHf, [123] AlÀV, [124] AlÀNb, [125] AlÀCr, [126][127][128][129][130][131] AlÀMo, [132] AlÀW, [123] AlÀMn, [133,134] NbÀSn, [135] AlÀNiÀCr, [136] AlÀNiÀMo, [137] AlÀMoÀMn, [138] AlÀInÀSb, [139] AlÀMoÀTi, [140] are produced from those ILs. Most deposits are nonequilibrium Al alloys.…”

Section: Electrodeposition Of Metallic/semiconducting Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Frontiers in Materials Science Opened by Ionic Liquids

et al. 2010

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Ionic liquids (ILs) including ambient-temperature molten salts, which exist in the liquid state even at room temperature, have a long research history. However, their applications were once limited because ILs were considered as highly moisture-sensitive solvents that should be handled in a glove box. After the first synthesis of moisture-stable ILs in 1992, their unique physicochemical properties became known in all scientific fields. ILs are composed solely of ions and exhibit several specific liquid-like properties, e.g., some ILs enable dissolution of insoluble bio-related materials and the use as tailor-made lubricants in industrial applications under extreme physicochemical conditions. Hybridization of ILs and other materials provides quasi-solid materials, which can be used to fabricate highly functional devices. ILs are also used as reaction media for electrochemical and chemical synthesis of nanomaterials. In addition, the negligible vapor pressure of ILs allows the fabrication of electrochemical devices that are operated under ambient conditions, and many liquid-vacuum technologies, such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis of liquids, electron microscopy of liquids, and sputtering and physical vapor deposition onto liquids. In this article, we review recent studies on ILs that are employed as functional advanced materials, advanced mediums for materials production, and components for preparing highly functional materials.

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Section: Electrodeposition Of Metallic/semiconducting Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Frontiers in Materials Science Opened by Ionic Liquids

et al. 2010

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“…These alloys are formed at or less than 0 V vs. Al(III)/Al without difficulty. Many Al alloy systems have been prepared by this route, including Al-Mg, 77 Al-Ti, [78][79][80] Al-Zr, 81 AlHf, 72 Al-V, 82 Al-Cr, [83][84][85][86][87][88] Al-Mo, 89 Al-W, 73 Al-Mn, 90,91 Al-In, 74 and Al-La. 44 It has been determined by X-ray diffraction techniques that Al-Zr, Al-Cr, Al-Mo, Al-W and Al-Mn in particular form amorphous glass phases.…”

Section: Electrodeposition Aluminum Alloys From Haloaluminate Rtilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review—Electrochemical Surface Finishing and Energy Storage Technology with Room-Temperature Haloaluminate Ionic Liquids and Mixtures

Tsuda

Stafford

Hussey

2017

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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In this article, we review the progress in the area of electrochemical technology with Lewis acidic haloaluminate room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs), such as AlCl 3 -1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride and AlBr 3 -1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide, and novel chloroaluminate mixtures consisting of AlCl 3 and polarizable molecules, e.g., dimethylsulfone and urea, during this decade. The number of researchers in the field seems to increase steadily, because now we can handle haloaluminate RTILs and their mixtures with other solvents and materials more easily than we could in the past. In this review, we have categorized the electrochemical technology based on these RTILs into two topics: electroplating and energy storage. In fact, much of the current research is based on work begun during the period from ∼1970 until the 1990's. Room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs), which is a name synonymous with room-temperature molten salts, have received considerable attention as novel reaction media, liquid materials, and starting materials for functional carbon material. (The name "ionic liquid" was arbitrarily chosen to represent what are actually salts that liquefy at temperatures below 373 K.) The interest in these materials stems from their favorable physicochemical properties, such as low-flammability, negligible vapor pressure, relatively high ionic conductivity, and high electrochemical stability. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] It is now common knowledge in the chemistry community that many RTILs are stable in air or even water. The "first generation ionic liquids" were difficult to handle because the typical anions known at that time, e.g., AlCl 4 − and Al 2 Cl 7 − , reacted strongly with moisture in the air. Only a very limited number of laboratories with special skills for handling them could effectively use these RTILs. No doubt, the flourishing interest in RTIL chemistry was heavily abetted by the discovery of air and water stable systems, i.e., the so-called "second generation ionic liquids".However, we should not devalue the first generation systems such as those based on quaternary organic halide salts and aluminum halides, e.g., AlBr 3 and AlCl 3 , known as haloaluminates. The reactivity of the haloaluminates as well as their adjustable Lewis acidity is precisely what makes them interesting and very versatile. By contrast, the second-generation "inert" ionic liquids, are just that: inert and nonreactive, both chemically and electrochemically. Furthermore, the ionic conductivity and viscosity of the haloaluminates, which are important factors for the electrochemical applications described herein, exceed those for the comparable second-generation RTILs. For example, the ionic conductivity and viscosity for 60.0-40.0 mole percent (or 60 mol%) AlCl 3 -1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C 2 mim]Cl) are 17.1 mS cm −1 and 15.35 mPa s, respectively, at 298 K.8 (In the interest of brevity, we will refer to the composition of these ionic liquids by simply stating only the amount of the aluminum halide.) On the other ...

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“…3). Given that no amorphous Al-Ti alloy has been reported to date [11][12][13], probably Ti atoms in the Al-Mo-Ti alloys act as a barrier to metallic glass formation. Corrosion resistance experiments in simulated body fluids As stated in the Introduction, it is well known that non-equilibrium Al-transition metal alloys are more resistant to chloride-induced pitting corrosion than pure Al [1,2].…”

Section: Characterization Of the Electrodepositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fundamental Research on Biomedical Application of Al-Mo-Ti Alloy Electrodeposited from AlCl<sub>3</sub>‒1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Chloride Melt

Tsuda

Arimoto

Kuwabata

2010

Trans. Mat. Res. Soc. Japan

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The electrodeposition of ternary Al-Mo-Ti alloy was examined in the Lewis acidic 66.7-33.3 percent mole fraction aluminum chloride-1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (AlCl 3 -EtMeImCl) room-temperature ionic liquid containing both (Mo 6 Cl 8 )Cl 4 and TiCl 2 . All of the electrodeposited Al-Mo-Ti alloys were dense and compact, and they adhered well to the copper substrate. In simulated body fluid, e.g., Ringer's solution, the Al-Mo-Ti alloy showed better corrosion resistance than pure nickel although it was somewhat inferior to 316 L stainless steel that is one of typical metallic biomaterials. Open circuit experiments in Ringer's solution suggested that amorphous Al-Mo alloy is superior to Al-Ti and Al-Mo-Ti alloys as a metallic biomaterial because of the formation of more stable passivation layer.Key words: ionic liquid, molten salt, electrodeposition, aluminum alloy, biomaterial INTRODUCTIONSupersaturated, single-phase binary aluminum-transition metal alloys show increased resistance to chloride-induced pitting corrosion compared to pure Al.Some examples of these "stainless" aluminum alloys that have been prepared to date include Al-V, Al-Nb, Al-Ti, Al-Cr, Al-Mo, and Al-W [1, 2]. Because the solute metal must be present in the Al at concentrations greatly exceeding their usual equilibrium solubilities (< 1 atomic percent (a/o)) so as to enhance the corrosion resistance, non-equilibrium alloying methods such as melt spinning, ion implantation, and sputter deposition are required to prepare these materials. Isothermal electrodeposition from chloroaluminate ionic liquids, particularly those that are liquid at room-temperature, e.g., AlCl 3 -1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride (EtMeImCl), offers a low-temperature route to thin films of these interesting and potentially useful materials. All of the alloys cited above have been prepared by electrodeposition from this or related chloroaluminate ionic liquids [3,4]. Of the electrodeposited alloys in this list, amorphous Al-Mo alloys show the best resistance to chloride-induced pitting corrosion (ca. +0.8 V vs. pure Al) [5]. However, we found that the addition of a relatively small amount of a second transition element, notably Mn, significantly improves the corrosion resistance of the Al-Mo alloy system [6].In this article, we introduce our recent experiments involving the galvanostatic electrodeposition of ternary Al-Mo-Ti alloy in the Lewis acidic 66.7-33.3 percent mole fraction (m/o) AlCl 3 -EtMeImCl room-temperature ionic liquid (described hereafter as 66.7 m/o RTIL) containing both (Mo 6 Cl 8 )Cl 4 and TiCl 2 . The purpose of this investigation is to obtain fundamental data when the Al-Mo-Ti alloy prepared from the 66.7 m/o RTIL is

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Order/disorder in electrodeposited aluminum-titanium alloys

Cited by 19 publications

References 39 publications

New Frontiers in Materials Science Opened by Ionic Liquids

New Frontiers in Materials Science Opened by Ionic Liquids

Review—Electrochemical Surface Finishing and Energy Storage Technology with Room-Temperature Haloaluminate Ionic Liquids and Mixtures

Fundamental Research on Biomedical Application of Al-Mo-Ti Alloy Electrodeposited from AlCl<sub>3</sub>‒1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Chloride Melt

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