Interparticle interaction of monodisperse Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles has been experimentally investigated by dispersing the nanoparticles in solvents. With increasing the interparticle distances to larger than 100 nm in a controlled manner, the authors found that the blocking temperature ͑T B ͒ of the nanoparticles drops continuously and eventually gets saturated with a total drop in T B of 7-17 K observed for 3, 5, and 7 nm samples, compared with their respective nanopowder samples. By carefully studying the dependence of T B on the interparticle distance, the authors could demonstrate that the experimental dependence of T B follows the theoretical curve of the dipole-dipole interaction. © 2007 American Institute of Physics. ͓DOI: 10.1063/1.2778758͔The past few years have seen the field of nanoparticles virtually explode and nowadays they find possible applications in very diverse areas such as high-density magnetic storage devices and biomedicine, to name only a few. 1,2 In particular, that one can produce nanoparticles with a very narrow size distribution, or the so-called monodisperse, and in high reproducibility 3-6 rendered it possible to focus on their more intrinsic properties and associated applications. 7,8 In most prospective applications, nanoparticles are used as in solutions or nanopowders. Therefore, deeper understanding of the magnetic properties of individual nanoparticles in solution and their mutual interactions will be invaluable for numerous potential applications as well as for fundamental scientific interests.In the early 1990s, interparticle interaction was studied as origin of rather unusual glassy behavior found in nanoparticles. 9 Nanoparticles diluted using paraffin were also recently shown to have blocking temperature enhanced with increasing concentration of nanoparticles, which is attributed to their strong dipolar interaction. 10 In spite of this seemingly immediate importance of the interparticle interaction, however, there has been less systematic experimental studies on the nature of the interparticle interaction. In this letter, we present extensive studies of the magnetic properties of monodisperse Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles dispersed in different solvents, and convincingly show that the primary interaction between nanoparticles is, as expected, the dipole-dipole interaction.For our studies, we have prepared uniform and highly crystalline nanoparticles of Fe 3 O 4 by reverse micelles method, employing microemulsions as nanoreactors and hydrated iron salts as reactants. 11 As shown in Fig. 1, transmission electron microscopy ͑TEM͒ images of the 3, 5, and 7 nm particles attest that our nanoparticles are uniform in shape and in size: 3 ± 0.34, 5 ± 0.37, and 7 ± 0.37 nm. Another noteworthy point is that our high resolution TEM ͑HRTEM͒ images shown in the insets demonstrate the good crystalline nature of the particles. Therefore, we shall ignore any possible effects related to the size distribution of the nanoparticles in the following discussion of our results. We note that once we washe...