“…Compared with original rGO membrane without metal coordination (3.01 L m À2 h À1 bar À1 , 99.5% for NgB), single-metal-coordinated Mn/rGO nanofilms by using manganese sulfate as a precursor (107.5 L m À2 h À1 bar À1 , 99.5% for NgB), and manganese acetate as a precursor (98.7 L m À2 h À1 bar À1 , 99.7% for NgB) (Figure S4), all the prepared ultrathin Mn/N-rGO nanofilms with dual-metalcoordination exhibited significantly higher permeate flux owing to the fact that intercalation of Mn between the N-rGO layers generated large quantities of nanochannels inside membranes. Among these membranes, the ultrathin GCN-3 membrane (53 nm) displayed a significantly high water permeance of 210 L m À2 h À1 bar À1 together with satisfactory rejection of 99.8% for NgB, surpassing most previously reported GO-based and polymeric ultrathin membranes with thickness lower than 100 nm for water purification (Figure 4A and Table S2) (Yang et al 2019a(Yang et al , 2019bMorelos et al, 2017;Xu et al, 2019;Wang et al, 2019b;Nam et al, 2019;Liu et al, 2019;Soyekwo et al, 2017;Lin et al, 2018;Shen et al, 2019;You et al, 2019). To further determine the ultrafast molecular sieving properties of ultrathin nanofiltration membranes, dye molecules with different sizes and charges were used as molecular probes to characterize the selectivity owing to their easy detection, good solubility, and broad choice.…”