Organ distribution of Nano-WC particles after repeated intratracheal instillation into the lungs of SD rats and subsequent organ injury

Tungsten is widely used in medical, industrial, and military applications. The environmental exposure to tungsten has increased over the past several years and few studies have addressed its potential toxicity.In this study, we evaluated the effects of chronic oral tungsten exposure (100 ppm) on renal in ammation in mice. We found that 30-or 90-day tungsten exposure led to the accumulation of LAMP1-positive lysosomes in renal tubular epithelial cells. In addition, the kidneys of mice exposed to tungsten showed interstitial in ltration of leukocytes, myeloid cells, and macrophages together with increased levels of proin ammatory cytokines and p50/p65-NFkB subunits. In proximal tubule epithelial cells (HK-2) in vitro, tungsten induced a similar in ammatory status characterized by increased mRNA levels of CSF1, IL34, CXCL2 and CXCL10 and NFkB activation. Moreover, tungsten exposure slowed HK-2 cell proliferation and enhanced reactive oxygen species generation. Conditioned media from HK-2 cells treated with tungsten induced an M1-proin ammatory polarization of RAW macrophages as evidenced by increased levels of iNOS and interleukin-6 and decreased levels of the M2-antiin ammatory marker CD206. These effects were not observed when RAW cells were exposed to conditioned media from HK-2 cells treated with tungsten and supplemented with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Similarly, direct tungsten exposure induced M1-proin ammatory polarization of RAW cells that was prevented by NAC cotreatment. Altogether, our data suggest that prolonged tungsten exposure leads to oxidative injury in the kidney ultimately leading to chronic renal in ammation characterized by a proin ammatory status in kidney tubular epithelial cells and immune cell in ltration.

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Tungsten toxicity on kidney tubular epithelial cells induces renal inflammation and M1-macrophage polarization

Barrera‐Chimal

Henley

Grant

et al. 2023

Cell Biol Toxicol

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Current research on ecotoxicity of metal-based nanoparticles: from exposure pathways, ecotoxicological effects to toxicity mechanisms

Wang,

Zhou,

et al. 2024

Front. Public Health

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Metal-based nanoparticles have garnered significant usage across industries, spanning catalysis, optoelectronics, and drug delivery, owing to their diverse applications. However, their potential ecological toxicity remains a crucial area of research interest. This paper offers a comprehensive review of recent advancements in studying the ecotoxicity of these nanoparticles, encompassing exposure pathways, toxic effects, and toxicity mechanisms. Furthermore, it delves into the challenges and future prospects in this research domain. While some progress has been made in addressing this issue, there is still a need for more comprehensive assessments to fully understand the implications of metal-based nanoparticles on the environment and human well-being.

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Organ distribution of Nano-WC particles after repeated intratracheal instillation into the lungs of SD rats and subsequent organ injury

Cited by 2 publications

References 27 publications

Tungsten toxicity on kidney tubular epithelial cells induces renal inflammation and M1-macrophage polarization

Tungsten toxicity on kidney tubular epithelial cells induces renal inflammation and M1-macrophage polarization

Current research on ecotoxicity of metal-based nanoparticles: from exposure pathways, ecotoxicological effects to toxicity mechanisms

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