Organ doses and associated cancer risks for computed tomography examinations of the thoracic region

Majer, Marija; Knežević, Željka; Popić, Jelena; Hršak, Hrvoje; Miljanić, Saveta

doi:10.2298/ntrp1801100m

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…A total of 44,657 relevant studies were preliminarily reviewed. In total, 125 studies satisfied the eligibility criteria for full-text screening and 25 were eventually included for this meta-analysis [2,[8][9][10][11][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54]. Of these 25 studies, 5 reported actual cancer cases [8,10,11,35,36], 19 estimated cancer cases by calculating LAR [2, 9, 37-53], 1 reported expected cancer cases in control group [54], and all were published since 2007.…”

Section: Hallmarks Of Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

CT Scans and Cancer Risks: A Systematic Review and Dose-response Meta-analysis

Cao

Hua

et al. 2022

BMC Cancer

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Background There is still uncertainty on whether ionizing radiation from CT scans can increase the risks of cancer. This study aimed to identify the association of cumulative ionizing radiation from CT scans with pertaining cancer risks in adults. Methods Five databases were searched from their inception to November 15, 2020. Observational studies reporting cancer risks from CT scans in adults were included. The main outcome included quantified cancer risks as cancer case numbers in exposed/unexposed adult participants with unified converted measures to odds ratio (OR) for relative risk, hazard ratio. Global background radiation (2.4 mSv per year) was used as control for lifetime attribution risk (LAR), with the same period from incubation after exposure until survival to 100 years. Results 25 studies were included with a sum of 111,649,943 participants (mean age: 45.37 years, 83.4% women), comprising 2,049,943 actual participants from 6 studies with an average follow-up period as 30.1 years (range, 5 to 80 years); 109,600,000 participants from 19 studies using LAR. The cancer risks for adults following CT scans were inordinately increased (LAR adults, OR, 10.00 [95% CI, 5.87 to 17.05]; actual adults, OR, 1.17 [95%CI, 0.89 to 1.55]; combined, OR, 5.89 [95%CI, 3.46 to 10.35]). Moreover, cancer risks elevated with increase of radiation dose (OR, 33.31 [95% CI, 21.33 to 52.02]), and multiple CT scan sites (OR, 14.08 [95% CI, 6.60 to 30.05]). The risk of solid malignancy was higher than leukemia. Notably, there were no significant differences for age, gender, country, continent, study quality and studying time phrases. Conclusions Based on 111.6 million adult participants from 3 continents (Asia, Europe and America), this meta-analysis identifies an inordinately increase in cancer risks from CT scans for adults. Moreover, the cancer risks were positively correlated with radiation dose and CT sites. The meta-analysis highlights the awareness of potential cancer risks of CT scans as well as more reasonable methodology to quantify cancer risks in terms of life expectancy as 100 years for LAR. Prospero trial registration number CRD42019133487.

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Section: Hallmarks Of Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

CT Scans and Cancer Risks: A Systematic Review and Dose-response Meta-analysis

Cao

Hua

et al. 2022

BMC Cancer

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“…An an thro po mor phic her maph ro dite phan tom [15] RS-113T that has an at ten u a tion co ef fi cient of a pa tient with a body mass of 74 kg and a height of 175 cm (Ra di ol ogy sup port de vices, 2009) was used in the first phase. Twenty im ages were per formed al together, ten on each unit.…”

Section: Phan Tom Mea Sure Mentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pelvis imaging: Achieving dose reduction with different patient positions

2019

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The pur pose of this re search was to de ter mine how dose area prod uct, ef fec tive dose, absorbed doses to spe cific or gans, and im age qual ity changed ac cord ing to dif fer ent au to matic ex po sure con trol po si tions in pelvis im ag ing. The re search was car ried out in two parts. The study was con ducted on an an thro po mor phic phan tom and 200 pa tients re ferred to pel vic im ag ing. We mea sured the dose area prod uct, field size, height, and mass. Then we cal cu lated the ef fec tive dose and ab sorbed dose for in di vid ual or gans ac cord ingly. Lat eral ion iz ing cells were first po si tioned in line with the iliac crests (head to wards po si tion) and sub se quently, with the fem o ral neck (head away po si tion). All the im ages were in de pend ently eval u ated by three ra di ol o gists us ing ViewDEX and ob jec tive im age anal y sis was per formed mea sur ing con trast-to-noise ra tio and sig nal-to-noise ra tio. We found no sig nif i cant dif fer ences in the Siemens Luminos unit in any of the in spected param e ters. How ever, there was a sig nif i cant dif fer ence in dose area prod uct (37.3 %), ef fec tive dose (35.7 %) and av er age ab sorbed dose to se lected in di vid ual or gans (36.7 %) when the head away po si tion of the pa tient was used and the im age qual ity in creased. Based on these results, we can pro pose that the op ti mal po si tion of the pa tient re gard ing the ion iz ing cells is the head away po si tion.

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“…Currently, the most used imaging techniques to detect cancer are based on X-ray sources (e.g., computed tomography scan), high magnetic fields (e.g., magnetic resonance imaging), or radioactive substances as tracers (e.g., positron emission tomography scan); however, these techniques can cause side effects in the patients. In fact, to improve the contrast in the images sometimes several scans are required, increasing the chances to suffer side effects [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ]. In the last decade an alternative complementary detection technique, “fluorescence microscopy”, is in expansion since it is less invasive and offers a safe detection with high sensitivity, specificity, and resolution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functionalized Fluorescent Silica Nanoparticles for Bioimaging of Cancer Cells

Prieto-Montero

Katsumiti

Cajaraville

et al. 2020

Sensors

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Functionalized fluorescent silica nanoparticles were designed and synthesized to selectively target cancer cells for bioimaging analysis. The synthesis method and characterization of functionalized fluorescent silica nanoparticles (50–60 nm), as well as internalization and subcellular localization in HeLa cells is reported here. The dye, rhodamine 101 (R101) was physically embedded during the sol–gel synthesis. The dye loading was optimized by varying the synthesis conditions (temperature and dye concentration added to the gel) and by the use of different organotriethoxysilanes as a second silica precursor. Additionally, R101, was also covalently bound to the functionalized external surface of the silica nanoparticles. The quantum yields of the dye-doped silica nanoparticles range from 0.25 to 0.50 and demonstrated an enhanced brightness of 230–260 fold respect to the free dye in solution. The shell of the nanoparticles was further decorated with PEG of 2000 Da and folic acid (FA) to ensure good stability in water and to enhance selectivity to cancer cells, respectively. In vitro assays with HeLa cells showed that fluorescent nanoparticles were internalized by cells accumulating exclusively into lysosomes. Quantitative analysis showed a significantly higher accumulation of FA functionalized fluorescent silica nanoparticles compared to nanoparticles without FA, proving that the former may represent good candidates for targeting cancer cells.

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Organ doses and associated cancer risks for computed tomography examinations of the thoracic region

Cited by 5 publications

References 19 publications

CT Scans and Cancer Risks: A Systematic Review and Dose-response Meta-analysis

CT Scans and Cancer Risks: A Systematic Review and Dose-response Meta-analysis

Pelvis imaging: Achieving dose reduction with different patient positions

Functionalized Fluorescent Silica Nanoparticles for Bioimaging of Cancer Cells

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