Organ doses and effective doses in pediatric radiography: Patient-dose survey in finland

Kiljunen, Timo; Tietäväinen, A.; Parviainen, T.; Viitala, Antti; Kortesniemi, Mika

doi:10.1080/02841850802570561

Cited by 37 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The effective doses are about the same as for adults because although the radiation dose per unit of radiopharmaceutical is greater in children than adults, a much smaller amount of a radiopharmaceutical is used for children. For additional information about the effective dose from various medical procedures, please see Huda and Vance (2007), ICRP (2008), Johnson and Birky (2012), Kiljunen et al (2009), Mettler et al (2008, and Yakoumakis et al (2007).…”

Section: Effective Dosementioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation Dose Assessments for Shore-Based Individuals in Operation Tomodachi, Revision 1

Cassata¹,

Falo²,

Rademacher³

et al. 2012

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This report provides the radiation dose assessments for the Department of Defense shore-based population of interest that was potentially exposed to radioactive fallout resulting from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power station units' radiological releases that followed the earthquake and tsunami on March 11, 2011. The associated Department of Defense disaster relief operation to the citizens of Japan was entitled, "Operation Tomodachi." Finalized radiation dose assessments for the population of interest should be loaded into an Operation Tomodachi Registry by the end of 2012, which will support public inquiries.

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Section: Effective Dosementioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation Dose Assessments for Shore-Based Individuals in Operation Tomodachi, Revision 1

Cassata¹,

Falo²,

Rademacher³

et al. 2012

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“…A number of studies have reported radiation dose measurements from some X-ray examinations; however, their results were only limited to the presentation of entrance surface dose (ESD) or dose-area product (DAP) measurements or the effective dose (E) for some age groups (Huda, 2002;Hart and Wall, 2004;Hart et al, 2009;Kiljunen et al, 2009;Olowookere et al, 2011). Nevertheless, the use of the effective dose to state the stochastic harm to patients from ionizing radiation is sometimes criticized (Valentin, 2007;McCollough et al, 2010;Pradhan et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of radiation risk to pediatric patients undergoing conventional X-ray examinations

Nahangi

Chaparian

2015

Radioprotection

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-Increasing concern has been expressed in the literature that the knowledge of physicians regarding the radiation risk values incurred during different radiological examinations is inadequate. This study determined the amount of organ doses and the radiation risks involved in pediatric radiology in terms of the age and sex of patients. The X-ray examinations of the chest, abdomen, pelvis and skull in patients of six age groups (newborn, 1-, 5-, 10-and 15-year-old, and adult) were investigated. Exposure data of 480 patients were collected from four radiology departments and then Entrance Skin Exposure (ESE) values for standard patients in the six age groups as well as five X-ray examinations were measured. By using these practical data, the risk of exposure-induced cancer death (REID) values were estimated based on the risk models of the BEIR VII committee. It was shown that the differences in REID values in male and female patients were statistically significant for the chest and pelvis X-ray examinations. The X-rays of the abdomen, chest and pelvis have the highest REID values in 15-, 10-and 15-year-old patients, respectively. The results obtained can help physicians to make suitable decisions about the execution and justification of every X-ray examination in the different age groups. This information will help to prevent either overestimation or underestimation of radiation risks.

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“…First, mean ± SD effective radiation dose in this pediatric cohort undergoing videourodynamics was 0.07 ± 0.05 mSv. This dose is comparable to that from a single x-ray of the kidneys, ureters and bladder in a 5-year-old child, 10 and less than that from a voiding cystourethrogram study across all age groups. 11,12 By comparison, the reported ED from a voiding cystourethrogram is 0.11 to 0.47 mSv in male newborns and 0.12 to 0.42 mSv in female newborns, and 0.28 to 0.93 mSv in 10-year-old males and 0.55 to 0.82 mSv in 10-year-old females.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Effective and Organ Specific Radiation Doses from Videourodynamics in Children

et al. 2013

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Purpose Effective and organ specific doses of ionizing radiation during videourodynamics are unknown. We estimated radiation exposure in children undergoing videourodynamics, and identified patient and examination factors that contribute to higher dosing. Materials and Methods Fluoroscopy data were collected from consecutive patients undergoing videourodynamics. Documented dose metrics were used to calculate entrance skin dose after applying a series of correction factors. Effective doses and organ specific doses (ovaries/testes) were estimated from entrance skin dose using Monte Carlo methods on a mathematical anthropomorphic phantom (ages 0, 1, 5, 10 and 15 years). Regression analysis was performed to determine patient and procedural factors associated with higher dosing. Results A total of 100 children (45% male, mean ± SD age 9.3 ± 5.7 years) were studied. Diagnoses included neurogenic bladder (73%), anatomical abnormality (14%) and functional/nonneurogenic disorder (13%). Mean fluoroscopy time was 0.17 ± 0.12 minutes. Mean age adjusted entrance skin dose, effective dose, and testis and ovary doses were 2.18 ± 2.00 mGy, 0.07 ± 0.05 mSv, 0.09 ± 0.10 mGy and 0.20 ± 0.13 mGy, respectively. On univariate analysis age, height, weight, body mass index, bladder capacity and fluoroscopy time were associated with effective dose. On multivariate adjusted analysis, body mass index, bladder capacity and fluoroscopy time were independently associated with effective dose. Conclusions The average effective dose of ionizing radiation from videourodynamics was less compared to voiding cystourethrogram dose reported in the literature. Greater fluoroscopy time, body mass index and bladder capacity are independently associated with higher dosing.

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Organ doses and effective doses in pediatric radiography: Patient-dose survey in finland

Abstract: In chest and sinus examinations, the amount of data was extensive, allowing national pediatric diagnostic reference levels to be defined. Parameter selection in pediatric examination protocols should be harmonized in order to reduce patient doses and improve optimization.

Cited by 37 publications

References 6 publications

Radiation Dose Assessments for Shore-Based Individuals in Operation Tomodachi, Revision 1

Radiation Dose Assessments for Shore-Based Individuals in Operation Tomodachi, Revision 1

Assessment of radiation risk to pediatric patients undergoing conventional X-ray examinations

Effective and Organ Specific Radiation Doses from Videourodynamics in Children

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