Organ Doses for Foetuses, Babies, Children and Adults from Environmental Gamma Rays

Petoussi, N.; Jacob, Patricia; Zankl, M.; Saito, Kiyoshi

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a081031

Cited by 46 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…The angle is defined as zero for photons incident from the horizontal direction. The calculated result is consistent with data reported previously (Saito et al, 1990;Petoussi et al, 1991). All photons without any energy loss originate from the lower 2p hemisphere, whereas scattered photons originate nearly isotropically, but their contributions to fluence are slightly larger in size than those of the photons from the lateral direction.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Spectrum–dose conversion operator of NaI(Tl) and CsI(Tl) scintillation detectors for air dose rate measurement in contaminated environments

Tsuda

Saitô

2017

Journal of Environmental Radioactivity

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Spectrum–dose conversion operator of NaI(Tl) and CsI(Tl) scintillation detectors for air dose rate measurement in contaminated environments

Tsuda

Saitô

2017

Journal of Environmental Radioactivity

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“…We calculated equivalent RBM doses from effective doses in the same manner as Kendall et al based on the results published by Saito et al and Petoussi et al We assumed a linear relationship with age by converting adult effective dose rates to children of different ages instead of assuming a cubic root function in relation to the weight of the growing child.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Background radiation and childhood leukemia: A nationwide register‐based case‐control study

Nikkilä

Erme

Arvela

et al. 2016

Intl Journal of Cancer

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High doses of ionizing radiation are an established cause of childhood leukemia. However, substantial uncertainty remains about the effect of low doses of radiation, including background radiation and potential differences between genetic subgroups of leukemia have rarely been explored. We investigated the effect of the background gamma radiation on childhood leukemia using a nationwide register-based case-control study. For each of the 1,093 cases, three age- and gender matched controls were selected (N = 3,279). Conditional logistic regression analyses were adjusted for confounding by Down syndrome, birth weight (large for gestational age), and maternal smoking. Complete residential histories and previously collected survey data of the background gamma radiation in Finland were used to assess the exposure of the study subjects to indoor and outdoor gamma radiation. Overall, background gamma radiation showed a non-significant association with the OR of childhood leukemia (OR 1.01, 95% CI 0.97, 1.05 for 10 nSv/h increase in average equivalent dose rate to red bone marrow). In subgroup analyses, age group 2-<7 years displayed a larger effect (OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.01, 1.60 for 1 mSv increase in equivalent cumulative dose to red bone marrow). Suggestive difference in OR by genetic subtype was found. Our results provide further support to the notion that low doses of ionizing radiation increase the risk for childhood leukemia, particularly at age 2-<7 years. Our findings suggest a larger effect of radiation on leukemia with high hyperpdiploidy than other subgroups, but this result requires further confirmation.

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“…While in earlier studies, the features of environmental gamma-ray fields were not described sufficiently (Poston and Snyder 1974; Dillman 1974; O’Brien and Sanna 1976; Koblinger and Nagy 1985; DOE 1988), several later studies provided dose coefficients considering the specific features of environmental gamma rays (i.e., energy and angular distributions) and using reliable Monte Carlo calculations (Jacob et al 1986; Saito et al 1990, 1991, 1998; Jacob et al 1990; Petoussi-Henss 1991; Eckerman and Ryan 1993; Zankl et al 1997; Petoussi-Henss et al 2008; Petoussi-Henss and Saito 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective dose conversion coefficients for radionuclides exponentially distributed in the ground

Saitô

Ishigure

Petoussi-Henss

et al. 2012

Radiat Environ Biophys

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In order to provide fundamental data required for dose evaluation due to environmental exposures, effective dose conversion coefficients, that is, the effective dose rate per unit activity per unit area, were calculated for a number of potentially important radionuclides, assuming an exponential distribution in ground, over a wide range of relaxation depths. The conversion coefficients were calculated for adults and a new-born baby on the basis of dosimetric methods that the authors and related researchers have previously developed, using Monte Carlo simulations and anthropomorphic computational phantoms. The differences in effective dose conversion coefficients due to body size between the adult and baby phantoms were found to lie within 50 %, for most cases; however, for some low energies, differences could amount to a factor of 3. The effective dose per unit source intensity per area was found to decrease by a factor of 2–5, for increasing relaxation depths from 0 to 5 g/cm2, above a source energy of 50 keV. It is also shown that implementation of the calculated coefficients into the computation of the tissue weighting factors and the adult reference computational phantoms of ICRP Publication 103 does not significantly influence the effective dose conversion coefficients of the environment. Consequently, the coefficients shown in this paper could be applied for the evaluation of effective doses, as defined according to both recommendations of ICRP Publications 103 and 60.

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Organ Doses for Foetuses, Babies, Children and Adults from Environmental Gamma Rays

Cited by 46 publications

References 0 publications

Spectrum–dose conversion operator of NaI(Tl) and CsI(Tl) scintillation detectors for air dose rate measurement in contaminated environments

Spectrum–dose conversion operator of NaI(Tl) and CsI(Tl) scintillation detectors for air dose rate measurement in contaminated environments

Background radiation and childhood leukemia: A nationwide register‐based case‐control study

Effective dose conversion coefficients for radionuclides exponentially distributed in the ground

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